中国黑腹果蝇中分离变相因子[Segregation Distorter(SD)]的初步研究  

The Frequency Distribution and Establishment of Fruit Fly Strain of Segregation Distorter in Drosophila melanogaster in China

作　　者：郝莉[1] 顾正龙[1] 戴灼华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2000年第4期298-303,共6页

基　　金：自然科学基金!39770390

摘　　要：黑腹果蝇（Ｄｒｏｓｏｐｈｉｌａ 　ｍｅｌａｎｏｇａｓｔｅｒ）中的分离变相因子［Ｓｅｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎ Ｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｅｒ（ＳＤ）是一种非常典型的具有减数分裂驱动性质的特殊遗传因子。ＳＤ在世界不同地区的黑腹果蝇群体中广泛存在，通过杂交的方法测得其频率在１％～５％范围之内。首次在中国北京、青岛采集大量野生黑腹果蝇样本，对ＳＤ进行频率测定，发现ＳＤ在中国野生黑腹果蝇群体中也广泛存在，且频率与世界其他地区ＳＤ频率基本吻合。在此基础之上，进一步从北京北安河地区的黑腹果蝇群体中筛选得到一个ＳＤ果蝇品系（ＳＤ ｂａｈ）。采用了ＰＣＲ扩增ＳＤ片段的方法鉴定ＳＤ的存在，与传统的杂交方法相比，此法既简便、快速，又准确、可靠，该方法的建立在ＳＤ频率测定、ＳＤ品系建立及其他研究中具有较高的应用价值。Segregation Distorter (SD) is a meiotic drive system of natural occurrence. Heterozygous SD/SD+ males transmit the SD chromosome in vast excess over the normal homolog. SD chromosomes have been recovered at low frequency (1%~ 5%) from almost every population that has been screened for them in many places of the world. TO examine whether there is SD system in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster in China, we surveyed a few populations of D. melanogaster in Beijing and Qingdao respectively. The results suggested that SD is also found in every population examined at frequency of 1%-5%. On the basis of learning distribution of SD in China, we established a fruit fly stoch of SD from wild population of D. melanogaster in Beianhe district of Beijing. Furthermore, instead of using traditional genetic hybridization, we used molecular approach, PCR, to examine the distribution of SD chromosomes, which has been proved a very effective, quick and convenient method.

关 键 词：分离变相因子 黑腹果蝇 减数分裂驱动 分子进化 

分 类 号：Q349[生物学—遗传学]