异源细胞质小麦耐盐性的研究  

Studies of Salt Tolerance of Alloplasmic Wheat

作　　者：侯宁[1] 吴郁文[1] 刘春光[1] 张翠兰[1] 张炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2000年第4期325-330,共6页

基　　金：中国科学院院重大项目!KZ951A_1-101-01-03

摘　　要：以粗厚山羊草（Ａｅｇｉｌｏｐｓ ｃｒａｓｓａ）细胞质小麦为材料，采用组织培养、水培、模拟盐池等方法，研究细胞质对小麦耐盐性的遗传效应。结果表明：粗厚山羊草细胞质可以不同程度地诱发小麦耐盐性产生变异。不同核质组合细胞质效应有一定差异，表现出特定的核质互作关系。部分异质系细胞水平与植株水平的耐盐性表现一致，特别是（Ａｅ．ｃｒａｓｓａ）一鉴２６的愈伤组织和幼苗的耐盐性表现均最突出。返青期和成熟期的鉴定结果证明异源细胞质小麦的耐盐性不但超过核亲本，而且超过耐盐性强的对照品种。耐盐性强的系在异源细胞质系中所占的比例远远超过在常规品种中耐盐性品种所占的比例。进一步研究异源细胞质效应，探索小麦抗（耐）盐育种新方法是很有意义的。Using Aegilops crassa cytoplasm wheat as test material, salt tolerance of alloplasmic wheat was identified by tissue culture, nutrient solution culture and artificial saline pond, from calli, seeding stage, recovering stage and mature period. The results showed Ae. crassa cytoplasm lines indicated the difference of salt tolerance in varying degree; the difference of cytoplasm effect among different nucleoplasm combinations showed certain nucleoplasm interaction relation. The salt tolerance of (Ae. crassa)-jian 26 was stronger than that other tested alloplasmic lines. The result demonstrated that at recovering date and at mature period indicated salt tolerance of alloplasmic lines was not only stronger than its nuclear parent but also over control variety. As compared with common wheat lines having strong salt tolerance were more proportions in tested alloplasmic lines. The study of alloplasmic wheat should be significant for breeding salt tolerance wheat

关 键 词：小麦 细胞质效应 耐盐性 抗逆育种 异源细胞质 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]