深圳市集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查  

Hygienic survey of central air conditioning ventilation system in Shenzhen

作　　者：吴浩生[1] 殷道根[2] 仇君[2] 杜玉开[2] 卓菲[1] 章明辉[1] 林奕嘉[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生二科,广东518020 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第6期502-504,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(201102118)

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市集中空调通风系统的卫生状况。方法于2012年6—10月随机抽取深圳市内11家单位[包括医院、写字楼、酒店、商场(超市)和工厂],检测集中空调通风系统冷却水、冷凝水中嗜肺军团菌,送风及风管内表面积尘量、PM10、细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌。结果送风细菌总数、真菌总数、PM10合格率分别为90.4%、87.2%,100.0%;风管内表面细菌总数、真菌总数、积尘量合格率分别为100.0%,89.9%,95.0%;送风中细菌总数和真菌总数中位数最高的均为医院,分别为280.0和325.0 cfu/m3,PM10最高的是工厂,为0.099 mg/m3;风管内表面细菌总数和真菌总数中位数最高的均为商场,分别为2.0和29.0 cfu/cm2,积尘量最高的是工厂,为12.480 g/m2;并且送风细菌总数、真菌总数、PM10及风管内表面细菌总数、真菌总数、积尘量在不同场所间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。所有水样均未检出β-溶血性链球菌,嗜肺军团菌检出率为8.7%。结论本次抽检的集中空调通风系统卫生状况相对较好,应关注医院送风及商场风管内表面的微生物污染,加强水系统嗜肺军团菌的监测。Objective To know the hygienic situation of central air conditioning system in Shenzhen. Methods A total of 11 central air conditioning ventilation systems were selected randomly in Sbenzhen during June-October,2012. The hygienic indicators, including Legionella pneumophila in cooling water and condensate water, PM10, dust volume,β-hemolytic Streptococcus, total count of bacteria and fungi on internal surface of air pipes and in blowing air were deternined. Results The qualified rates of total count of bacteria, fungi and PM10 in blowing air were 90.4%,87.2%,100.0% respectively, the qualified rates of total count of bacteria, fungi and dust volume on internal surface of air pipes were 100.0% , 89.9% ,95.0%, respectively; The mediums of total count of bacteria and fungi in blowing air were 280.0 and 325.0 cfu/m^3 respectively in hospitals, which were the highest in all sampling points, and the highest levels were found on internal surface of air pipes in shopping malls, which were 2.0 and 29.0 cfu/cm^2 respectively. While the highest values of PM10 and the dust volume were in factories, which were 0.099 mg/m^3 and 12.480 cfu/m^2 respectively. Moreover, every indicator was significantly different in different public places （P〈0.05）. β-hemolytic Streptococcus was not found in all detecting points, while the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila was 8.7%. Conclusion Hygienic situation of investigated central air conditoning ventilation system is relatively better. Microorganism contamination in blowing air of hospital and on internal surface of air pipes of shopping malls should be paid more attention to, and the monitoring of Legionella pneumophila in the water system should be enhanced also.

关 键 词：集中空调通风系统 卫生状况 公共场所 

分 类 号：R122.2[医药卫生—环境卫生学]