铀尾矿粒径对浸滤中铀释放的影响研究  

Effect of particle size of uranium tailing on uranium release from leachate

作　　者：王津[1] 刘娟[1] 陈永亨[1] 齐剑英[2] 朱莉[1] 康明亮[3] 李祥平[1] 吴颖娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 [3]北京大学化学与分子工程学院

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2013年第6期512-515,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40930743;41203002);广东省自然科学基金(S2012040007114;S2012040007110);广州大学人才引进科研启动费与新苗计划项目(WJ05与LJ06)

摘　　要：目的探讨自然降雨及尾矿粒度对铀尾矿中铀的释放影响，为防治铀尾矿区的环境污染问题提供理论依据。方法将铀尾矿筛成5种粒径（〉6、2-6、0．9～2、0．45～0．9、〈0．45mm），采用去离子水模拟天然降水分别进行22周的浸滤实验，用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP—MS）测定滤液中的铀浓度，并进行初步的铀形态分析。结果粒径〉6、2-6、0．9-2、0．45～0．9、〈0．45mm的尾矿滤液中铀的质量浓度范围依次为2～52、8-101、5-715、10～138和120～710μg／L？滤液中铀的形态分析表明，〈0．45mm粒径的铀尾矿滤液中铀的形态主要为UO2^2＋，其他粒径尾矿滤液中（UO2），（OH）5^＋与UO2^2共存。结论尾矿粒径对残留铀的释放有影响，除粒径0．45～0．9mm铀尾矿外，随着铀尾矿粒径的减小，铀的析出增强。Objective To know the effect of particle size of tailing on uranium release and to provide tile scientific data for prevention of environmental eontamination with uranium. Methods The tailing was divided into five groups according to the particle size （〉6, 2-6, 0.9-2, 0.45-0.9 and 〈0.45 mm）, deionized water （pH 6） simulated as natural rain was adopted as leaching agent, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） was used to determine uranium concentration in the leachates. In addition, preliminary analysis of chemical speciation of leached uranium was conducted. Results The uranium concentrations in the leachates were 2-52, 8-101, 5-715, 10-138 and 120-710 μg/L, respectively, from the large to smaller particle size of the tailing. The resuhs showed that the smaller the particle size of railings was, the more uranium leached. The chemical speciation analysis indicated that the specie of uranium was uranyl ion （UO2^2＋） in leachate leached from 〈0.45 mm tailing while UO2^2＋ and （UO2）3（OH）5^＋ coexisted in leaehates from tailing ot＇ the other sizes. ConcLusion The particle size of railings influences uranium release,which increases with the decrease of particle sizes except 0.45-0.9 mm.

关 键 词：铀尾矿 铀 浸滤 粒径 释放 

分 类 号：R124[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R123[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]