ITS(nrDNA)片段在冷杉属植物中的长度多态性及其在松科的系统与演化研究中的应用  

Length Variation of the Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacer in the Genus Abies , with Reference to Its Systematic Utility in Pinaceae

作　　者：向巧萍[1] 向秋云[2] AaronLISTON 傅立国[1] 傅德志[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所 [2]Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello,Idaho83209_8007,USA [3]Department of Botany and Plant Pathology,Oregon State University,Corvallis,Oregon97331_2902,USA

出　　处：《Acta Botanica Sinica》2000年第9期946-951,共6页Acta Botanica Sinica（植物学报：英文版）

基　　金：中国科学院分类与区系特别支持费课题资助;中国科学院重大项目!(KZ95 1_B1_10 2 )资助;中国科学院生物多样性世界银行贷款项目!(BR

摘　　要：由PCR反应扩增了 2 8种冷杉属 (AbiesMill.)植物的nrDNA的ITS(包括ITS1、ITS2和 5.8SrDNA)片段 ,经过与 1 0 0bp和 1kb的标准分子量DNA进行比较和某些类群ITS的全序列和部分序列测定 ,发现分布于墨西哥和 2种分布于北美的冷杉属植物的ITS片段长度约为 2 50 0bp ,而分布于欧亚大陆和其他分布于北美的冷杉植物的ITS长度约为 1 70 0bp ,二者相差约 80 0bp。A .bracteata (D .DonNutt.)的ITS全序列长度为 1 697bp ,其中ITS1为 1 2 96bp ,5.8S +ITS2为 4 0 1bp。A .durangensis的部分ITS1和全部 5.8S +ITS2的测序结果表明 ,5.8S +ITS2的长度与A .bracteata的相同 ,为 4 0 1bp ,从而揭示出ITS长度的变化主要是由于ITS1的长度变异所致。这与松科属间ITS长度的变异是由于ITS1长度的变异所致相一致。冷杉属ITS长度的变异式样与形态特征和地理分布具有很好的相关性。结合形态学性状和地理分布资料 ,初步探讨了ITS长度变异这一性状在冷杉植物系统演化中的意义 ,并对运用ITS片段探讨松科属间和属下的系统演化关系的可行性和局限性进行了讨论。认为较长的ITS片段应该为分析系统演化关系提供较大的信息量 ,可望得到具较高分辨率的结果 ,但松科植物属间较大的ITS片段的长度增大和长度变异不仅增加了基因扩增和测序的难?The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S rDNA) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) was amplified via PCR in 28 taxa of Abies Mill. The amplified fragments showed length polymorphism among species, with species from Central America and two species from North America having a length of approximately 2 500 base pairs (bp) and the remaining taxa having a length of approximately 1 700 bp based on 100 bp and 1 kb ladder standard markers. The complete sequencing of ITS of Abies bracteata showed that the shorter type is 1 697 bp (ITS1 is 1 296 bp, 5.8S +ITS2 is 401 bp). For the longer one, the partial ITS1 and complete 5.8S +ITS2 sequencing revealed that the length of 5.8S +ITS2 is the same as that of the shorter type. The length difference of ITS in Abies is mainly due to the length difference in the ITS1 region, a result similar to the previous findings in other genera of Pinaceae. Variation in ITS length seems well correlated with morphological and geographic characters in Abies , suggesting that the length variation may be a phylogenetically informative character within the genus. Long ITS was also found in other genera of Pinaceae in the previous studies. The long length of ITS in the family makes the sequencing of the region and subsequent alignment of sequences among species or genera more difficult than in taxa with short ITS, such as angiosperms. Although the length variation of ITS in the genus Abies is significant, the homogenous of ITS sequence between the longer one and the shorter one is obvious if the insertion in the longer ITS is ignored.

关 键 词：冷杉属 松科 ITS片段 系统发育 长度变异 

分 类 号：Q941[生物学—植物学]