一种新型铝基合金的制备及其与水反应性能研究  

Study on Synthesis of a New Al-Based Alloy and its Reaction Properties with Water

作　　者：崔海洋[1] 卜建杰[1] 郑邯勇[1] 赵文忠[1] 陈支厦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所,河北邯郸056027

出　　处：《推进技术》2013年第6期849-853,共5页Journal of Propulsion Technology

摘　　要：为了降低铝水反应的启动温度,提高铝基燃料的反应速率,通过熔炼法制得一种新型铝基合金。采用原子发射光谱(AES)、差热分析(DTA)和水解性能测试考察了制备方法、合金表面形态、反应温度和两种不同添加剂对合金性能的影响,并且考察了合金作为阳极材料的性能。结果表明:合金常温与水反应速率为35.53mL/(g.min),反应率为82.1%。球磨改变合金表面形态之后,不但反应速率提高10倍,反应率也得提高到90.52%。对体系预热能有效的降低反应启动时间,同时提高反应率也提高到92.69%。自行设计的熔炼装置能使金属镁的烧损率降低到3%。添加剂b的综合性能优于a,能使合金的熔化温度大幅降低为855 K。作为电池阳极时,由于自腐蚀析氢比较严重,放电性能不稳定,需进一步优化降低自腐蚀。In order to reduce the startup temperature and increase the reactivity of A1 based compos ites, the new A1 based alloy was obtained via melting casting. The effects of preparing method, particle size, temperature and two different additives on their properties were studied through the measurments of A tomic Emission Spectroscopy（AES） , Differential Thermal Analysis（DTA） and hydrolysis. The performance of alloy as battery anode was investigated and the results show that at room temperature, the reaction rate of Albased alloy is 35.53 mL/（g ~ min） and the reactivity is 82.1%. However, the reaction rate increases over 10 times after milling and the reactivity also increases to 90.52%. Heating reactor can reduce its star tup time and promote the reactivity to 92.69%. Using the device selfdesigned can decrease the burnoff rate of Mg to 3%. The additive b is better than a and results in the descent of the melting point of Albased alloy to 855K. As battery anode, the performance of alloy is not stable due to hydrogenevolution selfcorro sion of alloy and need to be optimized.

关 键 词：水反应金属燃料 铝基合金 铝 水反应 产氢 阳极材料 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]