高产土壤条件下双季杂交稻施磷效应研究  

Effects of Phosphate Fertilization on Double Cropping Rice in High Yield Paddy Soil

作　　者：张杨珠[1] 黄运湘[1] 周清[1] 黄升平[2] 黄见良[3] 李合松[3] 邹应斌[4] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省醴陵市农业局,湖南醴陵412200 [3]湖南农业大学理学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]湖南农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2000年第3期208-213,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家科技部资助项目! (95 - 0 1 - 0 0 1 )

摘　　要：为完善双季稻超高产栽培技术体系 ,以湖南省醴陵市高产稻田土壤——河沙泥为供试土壤 ,杂交早稻V40 2和杂交晚稻 V6 44为供试作物 ,对不同施磷水平的杂交稻和土壤效应进行了研究 .结果表明 ,在高产土壤条件下 ,施磷仍能促进水稻提早分蘖 ,增大水稻生育前期的干物质积累量和对氮、磷、钾的吸收量 ,但对水稻中、后期的干物质积累和氮、磷、钾的吸收无促进作用 .施磷处理水稻一生中地上部干物质总量和稻谷产量与不施磷处理无明显差异 .施磷的增产效应系数低是高产稻田土壤的重要肥力特性之一 .在这样的土壤条件下水稻施磷量不应依据施磷效应曲线来确定 ,而应依据水稻生产的目标产量和生产单位重量稻谷的需磷量来确定 .依据本试验结果 ,早、晚稻生产 1 0 0 kg稻谷平均吸磷量分别为 0 .32 6 kg和 0 .35 5 kg.比照早、晚稻稻谷产量分别为 7991 .5 kg/hm2 和775 3.9kg/hm2 ,则早、晚稻施磷量应分别为 2 6 .0 5 kg/hm2和 2 7.5 2 kg/hm2 .To perfect the technology sytem of super high yield of double cropping rice,a plot experiment was conducted by using V402 (an early hybrid rice) and V647 (a late hybrid rice) as the tested crops in alluvial sandy earth, the paddy soil with high yield widely distributed in the alluvial valley of LiLing.This is aimed at investigating the effects of various application rates of P fertilizer on rice growth and P supplying in soil.The results obtained showed that applying P fertitizer could promote rice tillering, increase accumulation of above ground dry matter and N,P,K uptake by rice at its early growth stage, but there was no positive effects on the accumulation of above ground dry matter and N,P,K uptake by rice at the middle and late growth stages in high yield paddy soil. Also, there was no significant difference in total production of above ground dry matter and grain yield among applying and no applying P treatments. The low efficiency coefficient of P application is one of the important fertility properties in high yield paddy soil. The optimum rate of P apptication should not be determined by the efficiency curve of P application, but be determined by the product of the objective grain yield of rice production and P requirement in production of weight grain per unit.According to the results from this experiment,the average absorption of P is 0.326 kg by every100 kg early rice and 0.355 kg by every 100 kg late rice.The average yield of early rice and late rice is 7 991.5 kg/hm 2 and 7 753.9 kg/hm 2 respectively,while P applied is 26.05 kg/hm 2 and 27.52 kg/hm 2,respectively.

关 键 词：双季稻 杂交水稻 高产水稻土 肥效 磷肥 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学] S143.2