大学生的内隐自我正面偏见及其增强  

Implicit Self-positivity Bias and Its Enhancement in College Students

作　　者：陈芸[1] 钟毅平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理系,长沙410081

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2013年第3期368-371,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31171003);湖南省教育厅重点研究项目(11A076);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20124306110010)

摘　　要：目的:考察大学生被试在内隐层面上是否存在自我正面偏见,探讨其强度是否可以得到增强。方法:实验一用阈上态度启动范式,在自我和他人启动条件下,要求被试判断随之呈现的人格特质词的积极和消极属性,记录自我积极、自我消极、他人积极、他人消极四类词语的反应时数据;实验二运用阈下评价性条件反射,将自我与积极词语或他人与消极词语反复配对呈现给实验组被试,观察被试在与内隐自我正面偏见一致或不一致词对上与控制组反应的异同。结果:实验一发现被试对自我启动下的积极词或他人启动下的消极词的反应显著快于自我启动下的消极词或他人启动下的积极词;实验二发现在不一致词对上两组被试的反应时没有差异,在一致词对上实验组显著快于控制组。结论:自我正面偏见在内隐层面上存在,通过阈下评价性条件反射可以增强内隐自我正面偏见水平。Objective： To find the evidence of self-positivity bias at implicit level and investigate its enhancement in college students. Methods： The reaction time data of self-positive, self-negative, other-positive and other-negative words were recorded when participants performed emotional judgment tasks（positive/negative） in self （I） or other （he） primed con- ditions under Supraliminal Attitude-Prime Paradigm in Experiment 1; In Experiment 2, half of the participants were re- peatedly presented with traits in which word I was paired with positive trait terms and he with negative trait terms under Subliminal Evaluative Conditioning. Then the reaction time data of matched words（self-positive and other-negative words） and mismatched words（self-negative and other-positive words） were compared between the evaluative condition group and the control group. Results： The reaction time of self-positive and other-negative words was shorter than self-negative and other-positive words in Experiment 1; In Experiment 2, there was no difference in reaction time of mismatched words be- tween the two groups, as for matched words, participants in evaluative condition group responded faster than in control group. Conclusion： Self-positivity bias was confirmed at implicit level in college students and could be enhanced by Sub- liminal Evaluative Conditioning.

关 键 词：内隐自我正面偏见 阈上态度启动范式 阈下评价性条件反射 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]