滇西北丽江云杉不同龄级个体生物量研究  

Study on Individual Biomass in Different Age Class of Picea likiangensis in Northwest Yunnan

作　　者：袁凤军 廖声熙[2] 崔凯[2] 温清涛 

机构地区：[1]云南林业调查规划设计院,云南昆明650051 [2]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2013年第3期73-78,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家林业局948项目"林分综合经营动态规划技术引进(2012-4-71)";"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题"云南松二代育种技术研究与示范(2012BAD01B0203)"

摘　　要：以滇西北10～200年生丽江云杉为研究对象,采用直接收获法研究其个体生物量及各器官的生物量占总生物量的比例。结果表明:(1)随着树龄的增加,单株总生物量及各器官生物量随之增加,40年生时个体生物量平均为177.52 kg/株,其后每隔20年其生物量翻一番,100年生时为1 222.84 kg/株,然后生物量增速放缓,至200年时达到了2 328.23 kg/株。(2)各器官生物量占总生物量的比例为,树干平均占54.97%,树根占20.82%,树枝占12.76%,树叶占6.64%,树皮占5.26%,干>根>枝>叶>皮;100年后树皮生物量超过树叶生物量,表现出干>根>枝>皮>叶,地上部分生物量分配率高于地下部分。(3)各龄级根系生物量分配以主根和粗根为主,粗根>主根>细根,其中粗根分配率为56.42%,占根总生物量比例较大,证实丽江云杉为浅根性树种,侧根较为发达。(4)丽江云杉生物量前期积累缓慢,20年后开始加速,150～200年间生物量增量减缓,但树干保持稳定增长,较长的生长期可将其作为大径材目标培育。因此,在实际生产中可根据丽江云杉的总生物量增长阶段来划分其近、成、过熟林年龄,利于经营期内获取更多的自然资源。Direct harvest method was used for the study on individual biomass and its distribution in different age class （10 -200 years old） of Picea likiangenis in northwest Yunnan. The results showed that： 1 ） individual plant total biomass and each organ biomass increased with the increase of tree age. The biomass per individual of 40 a was 177.52 kg. Subsequently, the biomass doubled every 20 year. When the tree age reached 100 a, the biomass was 1 222. 84 kg. Then, growth rate alleviated. The biomass per individual of 200 a reached 2 328. 23 kg. 2） Biomass allocation in different organs were in sequence of trunk （54. 97 % ） 〉root （20. 82 % ） 〉 branch （12. 76 % ） 〉 leaf （6. 64 % ） 〉 bark （5.26 % ）. The biomass of bark was more than that of leaf when the plant was over 100 a. 3） Biomass allocation in root with different age were in sequence of coarse root 〉 tap root 〉 fine root, of which, coarse root accounted for 56.42 %. It confirm that P. likiangensis is shallow root species and lateral root is devel- oped. 4） The biomass accumulated slowly in the early stage and accelerated after 20 a. The increment of individual biomass of 150 -200 a was considerable. So, we conjecture that its growth period is long and it can be used to big-diameter timber cultivation. 5 ） We propose that the division of stand age of P. likiangensis should be based on the in- crement stage of biomass, which is beneficial to obtain more natural resources in management-period.

关 键 词：丽江云杉 天然林 生物量 生长 年龄 分配率 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种]