不同母质黑钙土黏粒矿物组成研究  

Research on Compositions of Clay Mineral in Different Parent Materials Chernozem

作　　者：刘杭[1] 王蒙[1] 张志丹[1] 姜亦梅[1] 赵兰坡[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2013年第2期255-260,266,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31071862);吉林省科技厅项目(20100424)

摘　　要：以黄土母质和红土母质发育的黑钙土为研究对象,采用化学分析及X射线分析,对同一气候和地理位置条件下的2种母质黑钙土的黏粒矿物组成及其差异进行研究,并探讨其演化机制。结果表明:2种母质黑钙土的黏粒矿物均以2∶1型矿物为主,黏粒矿物组成一致性高,均含有蒙脱石、伊利石、蛭石、高岭石和石英。但各层次间衍射峰的强度以及部分衍射峰位置略有变化,红土母质黑钙土底层不存在蒙脱石,表层以绿泥石为主,而黄土母质黑钙土在底层存在绿泥石,在成土中后期可能转化为蛭石。红土母质黑钙土与黄土母质黑钙土相比,高岭石衍射峰强度更强,伊利石强度减弱,且随着土层深度的增加,减弱趋势更为显著,说明红土母质在成土早期,气候湿热,土壤风化较为强烈。Using loess parent material and laterite parent material chernozem as the research object, the clay mineral composition and variation of different parent materials chernozem under the conditions of the same climate and geographical location by X-ray diffraction and chemical methods were analyzed, and evolution mechanisms were explored. The results showed that the clay mineral composition of both parent materials was characterized by 2 ：1 type mineral, which was in consistent with clay mineral composition, both cotained montmorillonite, illite, vermiculite, kaolinite and quartz. However, the diffraction peak intensity among various levels as well as diffraction peak position had a slight change. Laterite parent material chernozem did not contain montmorillonite in the last layer, had chlorite in the surface, but loess parent material chernozem contained chlorite in the last layer, and transformed into vermiculite during middle and late pedogenic period. Kaolinite diffraction peak intensity of laterite parent material chernozem was more stronger than that of loess parent material, illite diffraction peak intensity of laterite parent material chernozem was weaker than that of loess parent material, and weakening trend was more significant with soil depth increasing, indicated laterite parent material chernozem was under a hot and humid climate, and its weathering was strong relatively during early pedogenic period.

关 键 词：黄土母质 红土母质 黑钙土 黏粒矿物 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S152.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]