东江湖流域农业面源污染负荷研究  

Research of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Load in Dongjianghu Lake Watershed

作　　者：郭翔[1,2] 杜蕴慧[3] 刘孝富[2,4] 田石强[5] 王文杰[2] 刘晨峰[2] 曾秀俐[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学建筑与城乡规划学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境信息研究所,北京100012 [3]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012 [4]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [5]湖南省环境保护科学研究院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2013年第4期350-357,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(2011467026)

摘　　要：水土流失是吸附态氮磷污染输出的主要方式,也是面源污染评估的重要环节。以东江湖流域为主要研究区域,采用土壤侵蚀经验模型和氮磷污染负荷经验模型对研究区的吸附态氮磷污染负荷进行了估算,重点提取并分析了耕地面源污染负荷,并划分出农业面源污染重点控制区,为流域农业面源的氮磷流失防治提供理论依据。结果表明,东江湖流域农业面源污染土壤侵蚀总量为144.7万t,吸附态氮磷的流失总量分别为2658.3和504.1t,其中旱地吸附态氮磷流失风险高于水田;由化肥施用而产生的吸附态氮磷流失量分别为1561.9和215.4t,分别占耕地吸附态氮磷流失总量的58.8%和42.7%;东江湖流域农业面源污染防治的主要区域包括沤江区、浙水区以及主要河流入湖的环湖区。Soil erosion is the main output way of adsorbent nitrogen and phosphorus pollution as well as an important link of non-point source （NPS） pollution assessment. Taking the Dongjianghu Lake watershed as the main study area, the Universal Soil Loss Equation （USLE） and experience equation of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load were used to estimate the pollution load of adsorbent nitrogen and phosphorus in the watershed. The research focused on extracting and analyzing the farmland NPS pollution load, and then identified the key areas of agricultural NPS pollution, so as to provide a scientific basis for decreasing and controlling the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture sources. The results showed that in Dongjianghu Lake watershed, the total amount of soil erosion of agricultural NPS pollution was 1. 447 ×10^6 t, and the total amount of adsorbent nitrogen and phosphorus loss was 2 658.3 and 504.1 t, respectively, with higher loss risk of dry land than oaddv field. The amount of adsorbent nitrogen and phosphorus loss generated by the application of chemical fertilizer was 1 561.9 and 215.4 t, accounting for 58.8% and 42.7% of the farmland total 10ss, respectively. The critical prevention and control areas of agricultural NPS pollution mainly include the Oujiang River, Zheshui River and the area around the main estuary of the lake.

关 键 词：水土流失 氮磷污染负荷 东江湖 农业面源 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]