汽车4S店职工职业卫生综合干预研究  

Integrated intervention study on occupational diseases among the workers in the automobile 4S shops

作　　者：李峰[1] 王增杰[1] 于洪领[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林市职业病防治院职业卫生预防科,吉林吉林132013

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2013年第3期197-198,201,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：目的探讨健康教育与健康促进对汽车4S店企业作业工人的职业卫生行为的干预效果,为降低职业病发病风险提供策略。方法采用整群随机抽样方法选择研究对象,分为对照组和干预组,干预组采用现场讲座、发放宣传资料、小组讨论等综合干预方法进行为期1个月的干预;对照组不进行干预。干预前后进行问卷调查。结果干预前,干预组和对照组的工人对《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》(简称《职业病防治法》)、粉尘、噪声、高温、苯及其同系物以及电焊弧光等危害及防护知识知晓率分别为57.14%、61.22%、69.38%、68.08%、67.34%、59.18%、65.96%和65.31%。干预后,干预组职业卫生知识有了明显提高,作业工人对《职业病防治法》、粉尘、苯及同系物、噪声等危害及防护知识的知晓率分别达到82.61%、89.13%、82.61%和84.78%,与干预前对各项知识的知晓率(分别为57.44%、61.70%、59.57%和70.21%)和对照组的知晓率(分别为58.33%、64.58%、60.41%和70.83%)相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施职业健康促进活动,可以有效提高4S店职工的职业卫生知识,改善其职业卫生态度和卫生行为习惯。Objective To study the effect of health education and health promotion on workers in the automobile 4S shops so as to provide strategy for reducing the incidence of occupational diseases. Methods Cluster random sampling method was adapted. Subjects were divided into the control group and the intervention group. The intervention group was compre- hensively intervened for one month with on - site seminars, distributing promotional materials, panel discussion. The con- trol group wash ＇ t intervened. Surveys were done before and after intervention among two groups. Results After interven- tion, the knowledge level of occupational health was significantly increased. The awareness rates about the knowledge level of Law of the People＇ s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, hazards and protection knowledge of dust, benzene and homologues and noise of intervention group were 82. 61% ,89. 13% ,82. 61% and 84. 78%, respec- tively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group （58.33% ,64. 58% ,60. 41% and 70. 83% ）. There was a significant statistical difference between them （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Occupational health promotion activities can effectively improve the occupational health knowledge of workers of automobile 4S shops and improve their occupational health attitudes and health habits.

关 键 词：汽车4S店 职业卫生 健康促进 效果评价 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]