线粒体呼吸链的电子漏、质子漏与“活性氧循环”模型 :运动氧应激的新视点  

THE ELECTRON LEAK,PROTON LEAK OF RESPIRATORY CHAIN AND THE MODEL OFREACTIVE OXYGEN CYCLE IN MITOCHONDRIA: NEW PERSPECTIVE TO EXERCISE INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS

作　　者：刘树森[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所生物膜与生物工程国家重点实验室,北京100080

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2000年第1期7-11,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目! (39370 718;39870 165)

摘　　要：近年来的大量研究证明 ,线粒体除了合成 ATP之外还具有多种极为重要的新功能。线粒体呼吸链不仅可以通过电子传递与质子跨线粒体内膜转运 ,利用质子电化学梯度势能 (ΔμH+ )生成 ATP,同时也通过所谓的“电子漏”途径生成生命体 95 %的 O- ·2 。另外 ,在线粒体态 4呼吸状态下 ,ΔμH+并非完全用于驱动 ATP合成 ,而驱动质子回漏至线粒体内膜内侧 (M侧 ) ,即“质子漏”途径。作者在线粒体呼吸链的电子漏与质子漏及其相互作用及其相关的“活性氧循环”理论的基础上 ,集中探讨运动性疲劳等生理和In later cases roles of mitiochondrial superoxide anion radicals (O [KG-3][SX(B-3] · 2) in cellular redoxregulation occupied a central position.The mitochondrial respiratory chain not only produced ATP by proton ATPase utilizing proton motive force (ΔμH +) created through the coupling of electron transfer with proton translocation across inner mitochondrial membrane but also generated 95% of O - ·2 of the living body through the reaction of so called“electron leak”pathway.In addition,ΔμH + formed during State 4 respiration by the coupling of electron transfer with proton translocation in respiratory chain was not totally used to synthesize ATP through H + ATPase but could drive protons to go back from the C side to the M side of the inner mitochondrial membrane in coupling with ions exchange or through the passive diffusion of protons.The later case was called as“proton leak”pathway of ΔμH +,which was not associated with ATP synthesis but heat production.Based on recent findings concerning the generating,partitioning,targeting and functioning of superoxide in mitochondria during normal and various pathological conditions,including exercise induced fatigue,a hypothetical model of “reactive oxygen cycle”in respiratory chain to combine both processes of electron leak and proton leak was proposed.In the recent review,some experimental evidences obtained from pervious findings as well as from the others abroad were provided to support this model.A more detailed description of theoretical bases of this model was also presented.

关 键 词：线粒体 电子漏 质子漏 氧应激 运动 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]