河西走廊不同生境芦苇叶表皮微形态和解剖结构特征  

Leaf surface micro-morphology and anatomy of reed in different natural habitats of Hexi Corridor

作　　者：曹波[1] 刘玉冰[1] 刘美玲[1] 李小军[1] 谭会娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所甘肃省寒区旱区逆境生理与生态重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期370-376,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91125029,31070358,31160118,30960060)

摘　　要：以生长于河西走廊地区不同生境的芦苇为材料,通过扫描电镜和光学显微镜的观察,对其叶片表皮微形态及横切面解剖结构进行了分析.结果表明:不同生境芦苇表皮微形态变化中,流动沙丘的芦苇表皮以倒剌和晶体颗粒为主要特征;半固定沙丘和固定沙地的芦苇有倒刺而无晶体颗粒,但表皮毛和蜡质片层密度很高;盐湖中的材料以乳突为直观特征,除绒毛和蜡质层与固定沙丘的一致外,还具有少量晶体颗粒物;而沙碱地和戈壁的材料也具有乳突,蜡质和绒毛密度都较小,并有少许颗粒物.横切面解剖结构分析显示叶片厚度与叶肉厚度、维管束大小存在差异,大维管束木质部面积/韧皮部面积的变化为戈壁芦苇的最大,沙碱地的最小,高盐盐芦的大于低盐的,流动沙丘的大于固定沙地的.说明芦苇随着自然生境的恶化,叶片以增加表皮附属物及改变内部结构的相对比例来适应环境变化.The leaf surface micro-morphology and anatomy of reed in different natural habitats of Hexi Corridor were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy.The results show that mobile dune reeds epidermal were characterized by the barb and crystal particles.Semi-fixed dune reeds and fixed sand dune reeds had barbs without crystal particles,but the density of the trichomes and wax layers were very high.The materials in a salt lake had mastoid for intuitive features and a small number of crystal particles in keeping with fixed dunes reeds except for fluff and waxy layer.Sand alkali land and gobi materials also had mastoid as well as little particulate matter,but the density of wax and villus was smaller.The analysis of the anatomical structure of the cross-sectional showed that leaf thickness,mesophyll thickness and vascular size were not entirely consistent. The changes of xylem/phloem of large vascular bundles in the gobi reed were the largest and minimum in sand alkali land.The high-salt reed was bigger than the low-salt reed.With the deterioration of natural habitats, reed leaves had adapted to the environmental changes by increasing epidermal appendages and changing the relative proportions of their internal structures.

关 键 词：解剖结构 表皮微形态 芦苇 河西走廊 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]