马尾松人工林林下植被恢复模式对土壤微生态的影响  

Effects of different recovery modes of undergrowth for Pinus massoniana plantation on soil micro-ecology

作　　者：闫法领[1] 刘君昂[1] 谭益民[1] 周国英[1] 吴毅[1] 路宗岩[1] 伍南[1] 闫瑞坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2013年第7期50-55,共6页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004014)

摘　　要：马尾松人工林普遍存在生态系统稳定性差、生物多样性低、土壤贫瘠、养分循环受阻等一系列的问题。选择5种不同类型的植物组合在林下进行植被恢复,以探索解决马尾松人工林生态系统健康经营问题的关键技术。通过研究恢复前后林下土壤的微生态效应,分析了5种植被恢复模式的恢复效果,结果表明:林肥模式1(紫穗槐+白三叶)对增加土壤全氮含量、有效氮含量以及过氧化氢酶活性效果最为显著,增加幅度分别为40.78%、39.99%、39.77%;林肥模式2(大叶胡枝子+白三叶)对增加土壤中细菌的数量和脲酶活性效果最好,增幅为865%、17.28%,这2种林肥模式对土壤中全钾和有机质含量的增加效果也较好;林药模式(大青+栀子+淡竹叶)土壤中的有机质增加了67.35%,速效钾与全钾分别增加了32.71%、31.25%,脱氢酶活性增加了16.81%;林农模式虽然对土壤微生态的总体改善效果并不突出,但对增加土壤细菌数量以及土壤速效钾含量有不错的效果。以上结果说明对退化马尾松人工林进行林下植被恢复对改善土壤微生态环境有显著性效果,结合生产实际,对衡山紫金山林场的退化马尾松人工林来说,幼林可实施以紫穗槐为主的林肥模式进行林下植被恢复,中林可实施以大青+栀子+淡竹叶为主的林药模式进行林下植被恢复。There usually are many problems for Pinus massoniana plantation such as the poor of stability of ecosystem,the low level of biodiversity,the poverty of the soil,nutrient cycling blocked and so on.In order to explore the key technology of solving problem of the Pinus massoniana plantation,this study had selected five combination of different type of plant which planted under the forest to recovery the ecosystem.Via the analysis of the restoration effects of five different undergrowth recovery modes and the results showed that： The forest-green manure mode 1 was planted Amorpha fruticosa and Trioflium repens,it was the most effective mode to increase the TN,available N and the activity of catalase,and the value of these items respectively were 40.78%,39.99%,39.77%;the forestgreen manure mode 2 that planted Lespedeza davidii and Trioflium repens had the best effect on the quantity of soil bacteria and the activity of urease,the amplification of which is 865% and 17.28%.They also had better effects on the increasing of soil TK and organic matter;the forest-medicinal plant mode（Gardenia jasminoides ＋ Cleredendrum cwtophyllum ＋ Lophatherum sinense） had increased the organic matter of soil by 67.35%,the available K and TK by 32.71% and 31.25%,and the activity of dehydrogenase by 16.81%,it had the best effects on these items;the generally effects of the forest-crop mode on soil micro-ecology was not outstanding,but it had better effects on the quantity of soil bacteria and content of available K.The conclusion we obtained above illustrated the point that the effects of undergrowth recovery for degenerative Pinus massoniana plantation on soil micro-ecology environment was distinct.According to the actual production,for the degenerative Pinus massoniana plantation of Zijinshan forest farm,it could plant Amorpha fruticosa formed forest-green manure mode to carry on the undergrowth recovery for the young growth,and for the middle growth was forest-medicinal plant mode with Gardenia jasminoides ＋ Cleredendrum cwto

关 键 词：马尾松人工林 植被恢复模式 土壤微生物 微生态效应 

分 类 号：S791.248[农业科学—林木遗传育种]