柴油降解细菌的筛选及生长特性初探  

Screening of diesel degradable bacteria and their growth characteristics

作　　者：马晓焉[1,2] 陈德育[1] 段敏[1] 陈姣[1] 卫亚红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第6期85-90,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：西北农林科技大学科技创新专项(QN2011113)

摘　　要：【目的】分离柴油降解细菌并对其最适pH和温度进行筛选。【方法】以柴油为惟一碳源,通过富集培养和平板划线法从甘肃庆阳和河南中原油田原油污染土壤中筛选和分离柴油降解细菌;以紫外分光光度法测定分离菌株对柴油的降解率,结合各菌株的OD600值挑选优势菌株,并对其生长条件(pH和温度)进行研究。【结果】从中原油田和庆阳油田中分别分离出7株(z41a、z41b、z41c、z41d、z41g、z41h、z42c)和6株(q41a、q41b、q41c、q41e、q42a、q32d)柴油降解细菌,对其生长量和柴油降解率进行测定比较后,从中筛选了z41b、z41h、q41c、q41e4株表现较好的柴油降解菌,其于30℃振荡培养5d的柴油降解率分别为38.40%,33.90%,32.90%和42.40%,适宜生长温度和初始pH分别为35,35,25和30℃及8.0,9.0,8.0和9.0。【结论】从2个油田污染土壤中筛选到4株具有较强柴油降解能力的菌株,为柴油污染土壤的原位修复提供了菌种储备。【Objective】 This study isolated diesel degradable bacteria and optimized their growth conditions.【Method】 Diesel degradable bacteria were isolated from petroleum contaminated soil in Qingyang and Zhongyuan oil fields by enrichment culture and plate streaking methods using diesel as the sole carbon source and their diesel degradation efficiency was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The growth conditions（pH and temperature） of strains with high growth rate as well as high diesel degradation efficiency were studied.【Result】 7（z41a,z41b,z41c,z41d,z41g,z41h,z42c） strains were isolated from soil sample in Zhongyuan oil field and 6（q41a,q41b,q41c,q41e,q42a,q32d） from Qingyang oil field.4 superior strains,namely z41b,z41h,q41c and q41e were screened out for further study.The biodegradation efficiencies of z41b,z41h,q41c and q41e were 38.40%,33.90%,32.90% and 42.20% respectively at 30 ℃ after 5 d of incubation and the optimal growth temperature and initial pH of each strains were 35,35,25,30 ℃ and 8.0,9.0,8.0,9.0,respectively.【Conclusion】 These 4 strains（z41b,z41h,q41c and q41e） with relatively high diesel degradation efficiency and strong adaptability would increase strain reserves for the bioremediation of oil contaminated sites.

关 键 词：柴油降解菌 降解能力 生长特性 土壤污染修复 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S154.39[农业科学—土壤学]