不同添加组分对高温烧结含砷废渣中砷环境释放行为的影响  

Effects of different additives on environmental release behavior of arsenic during sintering of arsenic-containing waste

作　　者：张洁[1,2] 王兴润[2] 张增强[1] 农泽喜[2,3] 刘锋[2] 何洁[2] 于泓锦[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国环境科学研究院固体废物污染控制技术研究所,北京100012 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第6期91-97,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21107102)

摘　　要：【目的】研究添加SiO2、Al2O3、MgO和CaO的含砷废渣在高温烧结过程中砷的环境释放行为,为含砷废渣的高温处理提供参考。【方法】称取一定量含砷废渣,分别加入质量分数30%的SiO2、Al2O3、MgO和CaO,采用翻滚振荡仪使物料完全混合,将混合物料在10MPa下加压成型,于400～1 100℃烧结1h,冷却后取烧结体进行毒性试验,研究不同烧结体中砷的浸出特性,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)对添加CaO后的含砷废渣及1 000℃高温烧结体的成分进行了分析与比较。【结果】浸出毒性试验表明,添加MgO、CaO对含砷废渣烧结体中砷的浸出有极大的抑制作用,说明MgO、CaO在含砷废渣高温烧结条件下对砷有一定的固定能力。1 000℃高温烧结条件下,CaO对含砷废渣中砷的抑制作用最强;XRD分析表明,CaO与砷化合生成了稳定的砷酸钙,使砷以砷酸钙形态存留于烧结体中,从而降低砷的浸出。【结论】从环境安全性角度出发,CaO和MgO是优良的含砷废渣烧结处理的添加剂。【Objective】 This study investigated the effect of different additives on environmental release behavior of arsenic during sintering of arsenic-containing waste.【Method】 The raw materials were arsenic-containing waste with 30% mass fraction SiO2,Al2O3,MgO,and CaO.The raw materials were mixed by flip vibration instrument,shaped under the pressure of 10 MPa and exposed at 400-1 100 ℃ for 1 h.Sintered products were made after cooling,the arsenic leaching characteristics in different sintered products were studied,and the content of arsenic-containing waste and the sintered products at 1 000 ℃ with CaO were analyzed and compared using XRD.【Result】 Test on leaching toxicity showed that the inhibitory effects of MgO and CaO on arsenic leaching of the sinter were great,and MgO and CaO had certain fixed effect on arsenic during sintering of arsenic-containing waste.CaO had the most inhibitory effects on arsenic in arsenic-containing waste at 1 000 ℃,and XRD analysis showed that CaO and As combined and generated stable CaAs2O6,keeping as in the sintered products and reducing the release of arsenic leaching.【Conclusion】 Considering the product＇s environmental safety,MgO and CaO were excellent additives.

关 键 词：含砷废渣 高温烧结 固化 浸出毒性 

分 类 号：X751[环境科学与工程—环境工程]