石羊河流域出山口径流序列的多时间尺度特征  

Multiple time scale characteristics of mountainous runoff series in Shiyang river basin

作　　者：郭静[1] 粟晓玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第6期213-220,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50879071);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费科技创新重点项目(QN201168)

摘　　要：【目的】研究石羊河流域8条支流出山口径流的周期变化特征和水文演变规律,为该区域水资源的合理开发利用提供参考。【方法】采用小波分析法,对石羊河流域西大河、东大河、西营河、金塔河、杂木河、黄羊河、古浪河和大靖河等8条支流出山口径流序列进行多时间尺度分析,确定各河流径流变化的主要周期。【结果】东大河径流在45年时间尺度上的周期信号最强,具有全域性特征,其发生时段为1950-2008年,在该时间尺度下,1950-1958年、1974-1989年和2001-2008年为丰水期,1959-1973年、1990-2000年为枯水期;30年时间尺度的径流周期也具有全域性,在1950-2008年整个时段内径流周期呈现丰枯交替;18年时间尺度的径流周期具有局部性,周期性在1950-1978年表现明显,其中在1971年之前周期性较突出。同样,石羊河流域8条支流的径流序列均主要存在45年左右、30年左右和17～19年3个时间尺度的周期变化,不同时间尺度下周期信号的强弱在时频域中的分布具有较强的局部特征。【结论】45年和30年左右时间尺度的周期对石羊河各支流径流变化起主导作用。【Objective】 The paper studied the periodic variation feature and hydrological evolution rules for mountainous runoff of eight tributaries in Shiyang river basin,which would benefit the rational exploitation and utilization of water resources in this region.【Method】 The wavelet analysis method was used to analyze the multiple time scale characteristic of mountainous runoff series for Xida rivers,Dongda river,Xiying river,Jinta river,Zamu river,Huangyang river,Gulang river and Dajing river,and their main periods were decided.【Result】 The runoff of Dongda river had the strongest periodic signal on the time scale of 45 years with global characteristics in the time period of 1950 to 2008.Among this time scale,the high flow periods were 1950 to 1958,1974 to 1989 and 2001 to 2008,and the low flow periods were 1959 to 1973 and 1990 to 2000.The periods of runoff on the time scale of 30 years also had global characteristics and the high flow periods and low flow periods alternated during the whole time series of 1950 to 2008.The periods of runoff on the time scale of 18 years had local characteristics and the periods appeared obviously from 1950 to 1978 with the most prominent time in 1971.The periods of annual runoff of the eight tributaries varied mainly in three time scales which were about 45 years,30 years and 17 to 19 years in Shiyang river basin,and the intensity of periodical signals with different time scales was strongly partially distributed in time-frequency.【Conclusion】 The periods of the time scales of 45 years and 30 years played a leading role in inter-annual runoff variation for each river in Shiyang river basin.

关 键 词：石羊河流域 出山口径流 径流周期 小波分析 多时间尺度 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]