几种碱金属元素对硫酸催化剂低温活性的影响  

Effect of alkali metal elements on activity of sulphuric acid catalyst at low temperature

作　　者：陈振兴[1] 黄彩娟[1] 方忠和[1] 叶华[1] 刘今[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南工业大学学报》2000年第5期425-428,共4页Journal of Central South University of Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目 ( 5 95 0 40 0 5 )

摘　　要：研究了用冶金废液制备的低温硫酸催化剂中铯、铷、锂等碱金属元素的助催化作用和熔盐用量对催化剂低温活性的影响 .结果表明 ,铯的低温助催化效果最好 ,其用量宜控制在n(Cs) /n(V) =0 .3～ 0 .6 .当n(Cs) /n(V) =0 .6时 ,410℃的SO2 转化率达 42 .5 % ,比无铯催化剂的SO2 转化率高 18.5 % .铷的加入会降低催化剂的低温活性 ,宜采取措施降低废液中的铷含量 .在多种碱金属元素混合使用的情况下 ,锂元素有较好的助催化作用 ,其最佳用量为n(Li) /n(V) =0 .4,410℃时SO2 转化率达 46 % .活性组分含量对催化剂低温活性和高温活性影响较大 ,n(M ) /n(V)宜小于 4.5 .The thesis presents the effect of alkali metal elements (Cs, Rb, Li ) and dosage of melting salt on activity of sulfuric acid catalyst at low temperature, which has been prepared with metallurgical waste liquid. The result shows that cesium is the best promoter among all the alkali metal elements and the suitable n (Cs)/ n (V) is about 0.3～0.6. When n (Cs)/ n (V)=0.6, the conversion of SO 2 increases to 42.5% at 410 ℃, which is 18.5% higher than the activity of catalyst without cesium. The effect of rubidium on activity of sulfuric acid catalyst at low temperature is negative, so rubidium in metallurgical waste liquid should be decreased as little as possible. Lithium has a good effect on activity of catalyst at low temperature if there exist manifold alkali metals in catalyst, its optimum dosage is n (Li)/ n (V)=0.4 and then the conversion of SO 2 is 46% at 410 ℃. Furthermore, if content of active components is excessive, the activity of catalyst at low temperature will be reduced on the contrary and the suitable n (M)/ n (V) is less than 4.5. [

关 键 词：助催化剂 碱金属元素 熔盐 低温活性 硫酸 

分 类 号：O643.36[理学—物理化学]