中年女性医务人员围绝经期综合征患病状况调查  

Survey of Perimenopausal Syndrome in Middle-aged Female Medical Staff

作　　者：陈桂萍[1,2] 张婧[1] 卢薇薇[1] 崔广霞[1] 席思思[1] 杨慕坤[1] 朱赛楠[1] 闫小妍[3] 姚晨[3] 白文佩[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院妇产科,北京市100034 [2]福建省龙岩人民医院妇产科 [3]北京大学临床研究所

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2013年第18期2133-2136,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金(2009-2020)

摘　　要：目的调查中年女性医务人员围绝经期综合征患病状况,分析其影响因素。方法以问卷调查形式,对2012年3—6月北京大学第一医院40～55岁的全体在编女职工围绝经期综合征现状及相关因素进行调查。结果529人进入统计分析,平均年龄(46.6±4.0)岁,既往或目前所患慢性疾病中最常见的前3种疾病为子宫肌瘤141人(26.7%)、高脂血症98人(18.5%)、高血压87人(16.4%)。170人(32.1%)患有围绝经期综合征,其中轻度110人(20.8%)、中度55人(10.4%)、重度5人(0.9%)。最常见的前3位围绝经期症状为疲乏(84.1%)、骨关节肌肉痛(68.2%)、易激动(66.2%)。更年期综合征组与非更年期综合征组职称、体质指数(BMI)、性生活频率、1年内是否发生过痛苦事件、生活满意度、能否控制不良情绪、控制不良情绪办法以及高血压、骨质疏松、高脂血症、颈椎病、子宫肌瘤的患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,1年内发生过痛苦事件(P=0.043)、生活不满意麻木(P<0.001)、高脂血症(P=0.037)、颈椎病(P<0.001)与围绝经期综合征发生有关系。结论疲乏、骨关节肌肉痛、易激动是中年女性医务人员最突出的临床症状。1年内发生过痛苦事件、生活不满意麻木、高脂血症、颈椎病是围绝经期综合征的危险因素,因此,应加强中年女医务人员的围绝经期保健工作,采取有效的干预措施提高其生活质量。Objective To explore the prevalence of perimenopausal syndrome in middle - aged female medical staffand to analyze related influencing factors. Methods A total of 589 female medical staff aged from 40 to 55 between March andJune in 2012 selected in the Peking University First Hospital were surveyed with a prepared questionnaire on self - reported menopausal symptoms and related influencing factors. Results A total of 529 questionnaires met the criteria and were used for statistical analysis. The average natural menopause age was （46. 6 ±4. 0） years old. The top three chronic diseases were myoma （ 141,26.1% ）,hyperlipidemia （98,18. 5% ） and hypertension （87,16. 4% ） . 170 （32. 1% ） suffered from perimenopausal syn-dromes ,among which 110 （20. 8% ） were mild, 55 （10.4%） were moderate and 5 （0.9%） were severe. The three most prevalent perimenopausal symptoms were fatigue （84. 1% ） , arthralgia/myalgia （68. 2% ） and irritability （66. 2% ） . The perimenopausal syndrome group and non - perimenopausal syndrome group showed statistically significant differences in job title,BMI,sex frequency,sadness in the past year,satisfaction of life,bad mood control,approaches of bad mood control,hypertension,osteoporosis,hyperlipidemia,cervical spondylosis and myoma （P 〈 0. 05 ） . Logistic regression analysis showed that sadness inthe past year （P = 0. 043 ）,dissatisfaction of life （P 〈 0. 001 ）,hyperlipidemia （P = 0. 037 ） and cervical spondylosis （P 〈0.001） had regression relationship with perimenopausal syndrome. Conclusion Fatigue, irritability and arthralgia/myalgia arethe most common menopausal symptoms in middle - aged female medical staf. Sadness in the past year,dissatisfaction of life,hyperlipidemia and cervical spondylosis are risk factors for menopausal symptoms. Therefore,we should strengthen perimenopausalhealth care and take effective interventions to improve the quality of life of the female medical staff.

关 键 词：医务人员 围绝经期综合征 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]