基质配比和控释肥施用量对曼青冈容器苗生长的影响  

Effects of Substrate Formula and Controlled Release Fertilizer Application Rate on the Growth of Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon Container Seedling

作　　者：李谦盛[1] 邓敏[2] 谭海博[1] 董根西[1] 胡从飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术学院生态学院,上海201418 [2]中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心,上海201602

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2013年第3期480-485,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31100154;31270267);上海市教委科技创新项目(12YZ157);上海市绿化局科技攻关项目(F112419);上海市自然科学基金(11ZR1435500);上海市农委科技兴农重大项目(沪农科重字2010第4-1号)

摘　　要：曼青冈(Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon)广布中国南部及东喜马拉雅,为中山常绿阔叶林重要组成,适应性较广。该树种用途广泛,但目前尚无人工繁育栽培的报道。为获得曼青冈容器育苗的合适基质配比和肥料用量,以泥炭、珍珠岩、蛭石为基质原料设置5种不同比例混合基质,研究基质配比对曼青冈盆栽苗生长的影响;同时还研究控释肥施用量对曼青冈容器苗生长和叶片养分含量的影响。结果表明:5种基质配比的基本理化性状均符合园艺基质总体要求,总孔隙度在83%～90%,通气孔隙度11%～21%,在肥水管理得当条件下,曼青冈容器苗在所有基质配比中均生长良好,高径比<60,幼苗健壮。随着控释肥施用量增加,叶片氮磷钾含量逐渐增加,但从植株生长指标考察则以3 g为佳,1 g不足,而施肥量增加至5 g和7 g并没有显著增加容器苗生长。Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon is widely distributed in southern China and east Himalaya.It is the dominant element in middle mountain evergreen forests,with extensively adaptability.It is a useful tree;however,there is no report on its seedling raising and cultivation.To obtain the suitable substrate formula and fertilizer application rate for container seedling production,5 mixes composed of peat,perlite and vermiculite were compared for container seedling growth.Effects of the application rate of controlled release fertilizer on the growth and foliar NPK were also investigated.The results showed that all 5 mixes had the physical and chemical properties which met the general requirement of horticultural substrate;the total porosity was 83%-90%,air porosity was 11%-21%.With good irrigation and fertilization practice,Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon seedlings grew well in all mixes,with heightk-diameter ratio less than 60,seedlings appeared vigorous.The foliar NPK increased with the increase of fertilizer application rate,however,the plant growth indexes did not increased significantly when the fertilizer increase to 5 g and 7 g.Based on the plant growth,3 gram of controlled release fertilizer was suitable,while 1 g was not sufficient.

关 键 词：壳斗科 容器育苗 栽培基质 施肥量 园林树种 

分 类 号：S723.133[农业科学—林木遗传育种]