重症医学科的病原菌分布及抗菌药物耐药性分析  

Distribution of common pathogens and their antibiotic resistance in a intensive care unit(ICU)

作　　者：李宝林[1] 郭晓霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南焦作市人民医院西药科,454000 [2]河南焦作市人民医院检验科,454000

出　　处：《中国临床保健杂志》2013年第3期231-233,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare

摘　　要：目的分析重症医学科常见病原菌、分布特点及其耐药性,为合理应用抗菌药物提供参考。方法回顾性分析2010年6月至2012年6月重症医学科送检的分泌物、痰液、尿液、血液及脑脊液等标本分离出的菌株,按照美国国家临床实验室标准委员会(NCCLS)的标准进行分析,药敏试验使用纸片扩散法。结果在524株培养阳性的病原菌中,革兰阴性杆菌占67.1%;革兰阳性球菌占20.0%;真菌占12.9%。大肠埃希菌占革兰阴性杆菌中的34.3%;革兰阳性球菌以金黄色葡萄球菌最常见,约占524株中的8.4%;真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主。革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低。结论重症医学科常见病原菌类型主要以革兰阴性杆菌为主,亚胺培南耐药率最低。Objective To investigate the distribution of common pathogens and their antibiotic-resistance from patients in intensive care unit （ICU） and explore the preventive strategies against hospital onset of infection. Methods Clinical bacteria were isolated from our intensive care unit in our hospital from June 2010 to June 2012 and their sensitive rate to antibiotics were analyzed. Results Gram negative bacilli were the most common pathogens in the ICU. Pathogens included E. coli （ 34. 3% ）, Acinetobacter baumannii （ 8. 6% ）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （6.5%） and Klebsiella pneumoniae （5.3%） , gram positive cocci only accounted for 20.0%. The resistance rates to cefoperazone/sulbactam and imipenem were the lowest. There were no resistance to vancomycin and teicoplamin. Conclusion Gram negative bacilli are the most common pathogens in ICU,the reasonable measure of antibiotics are the effective measure of reducing the rates of infections in ICU.

关 键 词：细菌感染 抗药性 细菌 纸片扩散抗菌试验 重症监护病房 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]