试论先秦汉语同义词的共时类型和历史层次——以《国语》同义词为例  

A Study on Diachronic Types and Synchronic Stratums of Synonyms in Pre - Qin - Dynasty Chinese: with Guo Yuas an Example

作　　者：陈长书[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学文学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第3期134-143,共10页Journal of Shandong Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：作者主持研究的2011年山东省社会科学规划研究项目"<国语>和<战国策>词汇比较研究"(11DWXZ02)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：同义词是先秦汉语的重要词汇类聚,一直是语言学界研究的热点问题。我们在先秦的重要文献《国语》中一共找到了483组同义词,在此基础上首先对其从词性、成员的音节数量和成员的数量三个角度进行了考察,然后重点从语义的角度进行了详尽的分析,并从它们之间共同义项的对应方式和自身特点两个方面进行了细致的描写,进而探讨了先秦同义词的历时层次,提出区分原生同义词和孳生同义词的主张。Synonym is one of the most important accumulations of Pre - Qin - Dynasty Chinese, to which close attention is too often paid in academic studies. All told, four hundred and eighty - three groups of synonyms are found in Guoyu, an important document of Pre - Qin Dynasty, and, on this basis, they are investigated from following three aspects： namely that of word class, of their syllable quantity and that of their quantity. Meanwhile, they are given a detailed analysis from the semantic perspective mainly, and a point -for -point description of the corresponding ways and operating position of their common senses. And from here, they are further explored as far as stratums of synonyms in Pre - Qin - Dynasty Chinese are concerned, and are offered with a proposal to distinguish synonyms created by making new words from those, by making new senses.

关 键 词：《国语》 同义词 共同义项 原生同义词 孳生同义词 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]