发达国家应对人口老龄化的对策及对我国的启示  

Main Countermeasures Responding to the Aging of Population in Major Developed Countries and Reference for China

作　　者：王岱[1] 刘旭[2] 蔺雪芹[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2013年第1期138-147,31,共11页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101120)(41101150);北京市自然科学基金(8122015)

摘　　要：近年来我国人口老龄化问题日益凸显,妥善解决老龄化及其带来的相关社会问题,对促进我国社会经济可持续发展具有重大意义。本文在已有研究的基础上,从生育政策、退休年龄制度、社会服务、社会保障、老年产业、法律体系等多方面,对瑞典、日本、美国和法国等国外发达国家应对老龄化问题的对策措施和特点进行了系统总结,并结合我国国情,提出解决我国老龄化问题必须要从建立合适的退休年龄制度、优化养老保障体系,引导发展多种养老模式,大力发展养老产业等多个方面着手。With the trend of population aging has become increasingly prominent in recent years,it＇s very important to solve all the related problems for China to achieve a sustainable economic and social development.Based on the existed researches,the main countermeasures responding to population aging,together with their characteristics,from the major developed countries,for example Sweden,Japan,the USA and France,are summarized from the aspects of the Childbirth Policy,the Retirement Age Institution,the Pension Insurance Institutions,the legal and safeguard service systems,and the aged industries etc..The paper goes further to discuss policies for China including constructing appropriate Retirement Age Institution,improving the Pension Insurance Institutions and safeguard service system,guiding and promoting the development of a more diversified caring pattern,and devoting more efforts to develop aged industries.

关 键 词：人口老龄化 经验对策 借鉴 发达国家 中国 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理] K901.3[社会学]