招飞学员肺功能现状调查及分析  

Investigation and analysis of lung function in cadet candidates

作　　者：樊再雯[1] 何萍萍[1] 邹志康[2] 马中立[3] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院呼吸内科,北京100142 [2]空军总医院科训科,北京100142 [3]空军后勤部卫生部,北京100009

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2013年第2期77-80,共4页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军"十二五"后勤科研重大项目(AKJ11J003)

摘　　要：目的了解高中生招飞学员肺功能水平,为飞行员选拔提供依据。方法对2011年招飞初检合格的169名应届高中毕业生进行肺功能测定。测定指标包括常规肺容量、常规通气量指标。结果①肺功能指标完全正常者97例,占57.40%。72例异常肺功能的测试者中,单纯肺容量指标异常者52例,占72.22%。所有受试者肺活量(VC)均在正常范围之内。②肺通气量下降(FEV1/FVC<80%预计值,且FEV1%<80%预计值为标准)8例,发生率占肺功能异常者11.11%,明显低于肺容量异常的测试者(P<0.05)。③单纯小气道功能下降者(以MMEF、FEF50%、FEF75%三者均<80%预计值为标准)9例,占肺功能异常者的12.50%,明显低于肺容量异常的测试者(P<0.05),但和通气量下降者相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。④肺容量和肺通气量同时异常者共3例,占肺功能异常者的4.17%,发生率显著低于单纯肺容量下降者、肺通气量下降者及小气道功能下降者(P<0.05)。结论①招飞初检合格者中部分学员肺功能下降;其中以肺容量指标VT、IRV下降较为突出,推测与当代高中生活动量少、体育训练不足有关。通气功能下降者发生率较低,表现为大、小气道功能均有下降,大、小气道功能下降一般多伴随有呼吸系统症状。②在目前招飞体检中,肺功能检查非常规检查项目,仅对呼吸系统疾病史进行询问及胸片检查,不足以鉴别和发现肺功能良好及肺功能异常的学员。如在招飞体检中纳入肺功能检查,并根据其肺功能状况不同,分别给予选择性的训练计划,可提高出飞率,减少停飞率,对提高飞行适应性有着重要意义。Objective We aimed to investigate the lung function level of cadet candidates,and provide basic data for pilot selection.Methods The lung function data of 169 cadet candidates from June 11th,2011 to July 1st,2011 were analyzed.Determination of indicators included：lungcapacity and pulmonary ventilation airways function.Results ①Among of the 169 pilot candidates,lung function of 92 candidates was absolutely normal,accounting for 57.40% of the total（92/169）.Lung volume of 72 candidates was abnormal,among whom VT and IRV were the mostly abnormal.VT500ML contained 17 cases,accounting for abnormal lung function by 23.61%（17/72）;IRV2100ml contained 17 cases,accounting for abnormal lung function by 23.61%（17/72）;ERV 900ml contained 2 cases,accounting for abnormal lung function by2.78%（2/72）;both IRV and IC were abnormal at the same time containing 10 cases,accounting for abnormal lung function by 13.89%（10/72）.VT,IRV and IC were abnormal at the same time containing 6 cases,accounting for abnormal lung function by 8.33%（6/72）.VC was within the normal range accounting for abnormal lung capacity by all of pilot candidates.②Both large and small function airway decreased containing 8 cases.The incidence of pulmonary function abnormalities was 11.11%,significantly lower than the abnormal lung capacity test（P 0.05）.③Decrease of small airway function（MMEF,FEF50%,FEF75% and all of them were 70% of the prediction value of standard） contained 9 cases,accounting for 12.50% of the abnormal lung function.④Both lung volume and pulmonary ventilation function were abnormal.Total abnormal pulmonary function 3.17% Incidence rate was significantly lower than that of pure decreased lung capacity.Conclusions ①Although chest x-ray and physical examination of the pilot candidates were normal,42.60% of those people＇s lung function test results were abnormal.It might be speculated that the contemporary students of high school might lack physical training and momentum.By the lung function test,the kind

关 键 词：肺功能 学员 小气道功能 

分 类 号：R851[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]