喀斯特高原深水水库—万峰湖富营养化特征分析  

Eutrophication characteristics of a karst plateau deep-water Wanfeng Reservoir

作　　者：李秋华[1] 商立海[2] 高廷进[1] 张垒[1] 欧腾[1] 黄国佳[1] 陈椽[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统和生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002

出　　处：《生态科学》2013年第2期194-199,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973前期(2012CB426506);国家自然科学基金(40973083);贵州省科技厅社发攻关项目(黔科合SY字[2012]3013)

摘　　要：以贵州喀斯特高原深水水库-万峰湖为例,研究了其夏季和冬季湖沼学和富营养化特征。结果表明：冬季和夏季湖沼学及富营养化特征区别明显,夏季水温,pH值,溶解氧,电导率等指标在10 m和30 m分别出现明显的分界点,而冬季仅在30 m出现分界点,表明夏季属于双分层型,冬季属于单分层型。表层和底层的水温变化幅度较小,底层温度较高,在10℃以上;底层全年处于厌氧状态,钙离子浓度在0.192~0.235 mg/L之间,镁离子的浓度在0.149~0.196 mg/L之间,但是垂直和季节变化较小。总磷浓度在0~40 m较低,在0.02~0.04 mg/L之间,底层达0.794 mg/L;总氮浓度在0~40 m维持在2.18~3.54 mg/L,夏季略高于冬季,总氮浓度随深度逐渐降低。根据单因子指数判断,万峰湖大多时期属于中富营养状态。万峰湖不同季节的分层特征,反映出了喀斯特高原深水水库湖沼学变化特征,水体分层影响着水环境因子的变化和水体富营养化程度。Karst plateau deep-water Wanfeng Reservoir was taken as an example, and its limnology variable and eutrophication characteristics in summer and winter were analyzed. The results showed that characteristics of linmology and eutrophication obviously differed between winter and summer. Temperature（Tern）, pH, dissolved oxygen（DO）, conductivity at 10 m and 30 m had obvious demarcation points in summer, while only a demarcation point in 30 m appeared in winter, which showed the summer belonged to the double-layer- type and winter belonged to single- layer- type. The temperature change was small at water surface and the bottom, and was about 10 ℃ in the bottom which was in anaerobic condition. The concentrations of calcium ion （Ca2＋） were from 0.192 to 0.235 rag/L; those of magnesium ion （Mg2＋） were from 0.149 to 0.196 mg/L, but the vertical and seasonal changes were small. The concentrations of total phosphorus were from 0.02 to 0.04 mg/L in the surface, up to 0.794 mg/L in the bottom. The concentrations of total nitrogen were from 2.18 to 3.54 mg/L. Judging by the single factor index, Wanfeng Reservoir belonged to mesotropic status. Wanfeng Reservoir layered characteristics in different seasons, reflecting the karst plateau deep-water reservoir linmology variation characteristics. The water layer affected water environment factors and the degree of eutrophication.

关 键 词：富营养化 水库 喀斯特 深水 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]