基于试验的汽车手动变速器噪声源识别  

Identification of Noise Sources of Automotive Manual Transmission Based on Experiment

作　　者：相龙洋[1] 左曙光[1] 何吕昌[1] 孟姝[1] 孙庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学新能源汽车工程中心上海,201804

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2013年第3期426-431,526,共6页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51075302);博士点基金资助项目(20100072110027)

摘　　要：手动变速器的噪声控制是汽车噪声控制的难点之一。基于低噪声变速器测试台,对某5档手动变速器的噪声特性进行了全面测试。综合利用频谱分析、阶次分析和相干分析等方法来识别变速器的主要噪声源。分析表明:变速器的振动主要是由挡位齿轮啮合过程以及主减速齿轮啮合过程共同引起;且高速时挡位齿轮啮合过程引发强烈振动的原因与齿轮轴弯曲和齿轮模态有关;5档高速工况时,变速器噪声的主要引发原因是变速器箱体表面某位置的振动,若要改善变速器的振动噪声特性,可从该位置处入手。分析结果为低噪声变速器的优化设计提供了试验支持。The noise control of manual transmission is one of the difficulties of automotive noise control.The noise behavior of a five gears manual transmission is tested based on a low-noise test bench.Then spectral analysis,order analysis and coherence analysis are used to identify the main noise sources of the transmission.The analysis reveals some conclusions.The vibration of transmission is mainly caused by the mesh of shift gears and main reduction gears.The severe vibration caused by gear mesh under high-speed operating conditions is relevant to the bending of gear shaft and the modes of gears.Under high-speed conditions of fifth gear,the noise is mainly caused by the vibration of a small part of the transmission box.Some measures should be taken to control the vibration of this part.The conclusions provide the experimental support for the optimization and design of low-noise transmissions.

关 键 词：手动变速器 台架试验 噪声源识别 阶次分析 相干分析 

分 类 号：U463.212[机械工程—车辆工程] TH86[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]