陆地棉产量与纤维品质性状的遗传相关分析  

Inheritance Analysis of Upland Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality Characters

作　　者：郑巨云[1] 王俊铎[1] 艾先涛[1] 多力坤[1] 梁亚军[1] 莫明[1] 吐逊江[1] 李雪源[1] 龚照龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第6期995-1002,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(200920104);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2011211B43)

摘　　要：【目的】通过陆地棉的产量与纤维品质性状的遗传相关分析,为选择育种与杂种优势利用提供理论支持。【方法】采用4×4完全双列杂交分析法,对四个陆地棉品种(系)的产量因素和纤维品质性状遗传效应及遗传相关进行分析,并将遗传相关分解为加性相关和显性相关。【结果】在产量因素中,铃重与衣分的遗传分别以加性效应和显性效应为主,加性效应对衣分与铃重贡献高于显性效应,衣分受环境变异的影响最小,而单铃重、籽棉产量、有效铃则反之;在纤维品质性状中,纤维长度、比强度和马克隆值的遗传以加性效应为主,显性效应不明显,其中纤维长度与比强度的加性效应达到极显著,纤维性状均受环境影响变异较大;棉花产量因素与品质性状之间的相关普遍表现为遗传相关大于表型相关,各性状之间的表型相关、遗传相关及加性相关类似,而显性相关则不同。不仅在陆地棉产量因素和纤维品质性状内部各自存在加性或显性相关性,而且在产量因素与纤维品质性状之间存在加显性相关性,不同性状之间的正负效应不同。【结论】棉花产量因素与纤维品质遗传相关,特别是加性相关可以指导选择育种,而在杂种优势的利用中可以重点考虑显性相关。[ Objective ] The purpose of the project is to provide theoretical basis for the selective breeding and heterosis utilization by analyzing the inherited characteristics of yield and fiber quality traits of upland cotton. [ Method ] The hereditary effect of yield factors, fiber quality and the genetic correlation of four upland cotton varieties were studied by using the complete double hybridization analysis （4 × 4 ）, including cotton yield, boll weight, lint percentage, boll number per plant, fiber length, fiber strength, micronaire value, fiber uniformity and elongation rate of investigation and statistical analysis, and the genetic correlation was divided into addictive correlation and dominant correlation. [ Result]The results showed among the cotton yield factors, the inheritance of lint percentage and boll weight per plant was mainly controlled by addictive effect and dominant effect, additive effects on boll weight per plant and lint percentage were greater than the dominant effect. The effect of environment variance on lint percentage was minimum, and the effect of environment variance on cotton yield, boll number per plant and boll weigh were opposite, so it was better to take breeding selection in the population of early generation. As for the characters of cotton fiber quality, the inheritance of fiber length, fiber strength and micronaire value were mainly controlled by addictive effect, the dominant effect was not significant and additive effects of fiber length and fiber strength were very significant. The effect of environment variance on those mentioned above was rather large. The ~orrelation between cotton yield factors and fiber quality characters generally showed that genotypical correlation was bigger than phenotypical correlation. The nature of phenotypical correlation, genotypical correlation and addictive correlation for each character was similar; however, it was different for dominant correlation. Additive or dominant correlation not only existed in upland cotton yield and fiber quali

关 键 词：陆地棉 产量性状 纤维品质性状 遗传相关 加性相关 显性相关 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S503.52