194名大学生获得性免疫缺陷综合征信息来源、认知及行为调查  

A survey on 194 college students for sources of information, cognition and behavior of AIDS

作　　者：徐哲 张冰[2] 赵俊鹏[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北省唐山市路南区疾病控制与预防中心,河北唐山063000 [2]河北省唐山市人民医院,河北唐山063000 [3]河北联合大学基础医学院,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2013年第19期127-129,132,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：河北省唐山市科技局发展计划项目(编号121302014a)

摘　　要：目的详细了解职业学院学生获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)的信息来源、行为认知及风险感知等情况,从而提供更有效的AIDS预防措施。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对唐山市某工科职业技术学院的194名大学生进行问卷调查,问题包括AIDS相关信息、可靠信息渠道、风险感知、亲友和性伙伴之间的性和毒品行为、安全套使用或不使用的原因、亲友性行为以及一般信息。使用SPSS 17.0软件对调查数据进行分析,计数资料采用χ2检验,计量资料采用t检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果对于获取AIDS信息的来源,被调查者的第一选择是身边的朋友、亲戚、老师、名人或媒体等;而获取AIDS信息的渠道则按比例排序依次为专业人士或医疗保健机构、朋友或亲戚以及书面资料或健康热线等,城市来源学生很少选择医生或护士;最突出的高危行为是多个伴侣,男性学生的高危比例较高。城市来源学生与农村来源学生相比,在喝酒、吸毒等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。45.9%的学生从未使用过安全套,最常见的原因是认为伴侣没病。学生们关注的生活事件依次为个人成绩、家庭成员死亡和患上AIDS。学生AIDS相关知识的掌握水平较高,68.0%的学生正确回答了所有问题。结论职业技术学院学生以其独特的渠道接受AIDS信息,预防措施采用较少,最担心的问题是感染人类免疫缺陷病毒,提示应该根据学生的偏好和AIDS在生活事件中的影响调整有关AIDS的教育方法和预防措施。Objective To investigate vocational students＇ information sources, behavior, cognition and risk perception of AIDS, in order to seek for effective AIDS prevention measures. Methods Designed questionnaire was used to survey 194 college students from a local engineering vocational and technical college in Tangshan area. The content of AIDSrelated information, reliable sources of information, risk perception, sex and drug behaviors of relatives, friends and sexual partners, condom use, sex of relatives and general information were included in the questionnaire. SPSS17.0 software was adopted to analyze the data collected, the χ^2 test was used to analyze the count data, t-test for measurement data, P 〈 0.05 stood for the difference was statistically significant. Results For the sources of AIDS information, students preferred to choose their friends, relatives, teachers, celebrity or media. For the AIDS information getting, sorted for professionals or heahhcare institutions, friends or relatives, as well as written information or health hotline, the students from the urban area rarely chose doctor or nurse. Multiple-partners was the high-risk behavior, and male students had more high-risk behaviors. For the behavior of drinking and drug abuse, significant differences appeared between the students from the urban and rural areas （P 〈 0.05）. 45.9% of the students had never used a condom because they thought their partner had not suffered with AIDS. Students paid more attention to their personal achievements, the death of family members and suffering from AIDS. Students had a good knowledge about AIDS, 68.0% of the students correctly answered all the questions. Conclusion Vocational and Technical College students have their unique ways to receive AIDS information, they seldom use preventive measures, the most concern is the infection with HIV. AIDS education and prevention measures should be adjusted to their preferences and how much AIDS affects their lives.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 大学生 认知行为 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]