中国煤层气成藏机理研究进展  

Progresses in Research on Chinese CBM Accumulation Mechanism

作　　者：袁文峰[1] 程晨[1] 赵峰华[1] 王娉娉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2013年第6期24-29,共6页Coal Geology of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目"新疆东部主要含煤区煤炭资源综合评价"(1212011085499)资助

摘　　要：从煤层气的微生物成因、无机质对煤层气形成的催化作用、煤中超临界甲烷赋存和成藏控制因素等方面论述了煤层气成藏机理研究的若干进展。在煤层气微生物成因研究方面,进行了枯草杆菌降解小球藻、菌藻类煤成烃、本源菌和外源菌降解褐煤等模拟实验;在煤中无机质催化煤层气形成方面,目前主要研究粘土矿物、碳酸盐矿物、氧化物矿物、过渡金属元素等对煤层气形成的催化效应,对催化生气过程中无机质之间的相互作用考虑甚少;对煤中超临界甲烷的认识丰富了煤层气的赋存形式,查明其形成机制还有待于高分辨率分析技术、谱学方法等测试技术的进步;在煤层气成藏控制因素方面主要关注沉积动力学、构造与热事件动力学、地下水动力学等因素对煤层气成藏的控制作用,但目前仍有诸多煤层气成藏的基础地质问题的研究尚待加强,如超临界流体吸附/解吸实验、煤储层渗透性影响因素、构造煤变形机制、低煤阶煤层气成藏效应、深部煤层气成藏机制等。Based on microbial origin of coalbed methane （CBM）, inorganic catalysis of CBM generation, occurrence problems of super-critical methane in coalbed and controlling factors of accumulation etc., several progresses in CBM accumulation mechanism research were discussed. Thermal simulation experiments such as chlorella degraded by the bacillus subtilis, derived hydrocarbon of bacteria and algae coal and lignite samples degraded by original and exogenous bacteria were made in microbial origin aspect of CBM. The main researches in inorganic catalysis aspect of CBM generation, currently studied the catalytic effect of clay minerals, carbonate minerals, oxide minerals and transition metal elements to form CBM .The interaction of inorganic matters during catalytic gas generation were rarely discussed. The supercritical methane in coalbed enriched understandings of the occurrence forms of CBM. The progresses in test-ing technology such as high-resolution analytical techniques and spectroscopic methods will help to identify their formation mecha-nism. The main researches about controlling factors of CBM accumulation currently focused on the controlling actions of sediment dy-namics, structure and thermal event dynamics and groundwater dynamics etc. Numerous basic geological problems of CBM accumula- tion, such as supercritical fluid adsorption/desorption experiments, influencing factors of coal reservoir permeability, deformation mech-anism of tectonoclastic coal, CBM accumulation effect of low-rank coal and deep CBM accumulation mechanism etc., currently need to be further strengthened.

关 键 词：煤层气 成藏机理 微生物成因 无机质催化 超临界甲烷 控制因素 

分 类 号：P618.11[天文地球—矿床学]