空间环境和^(60)Co-γ辐照对水稻稻米品质的诱变效应  

Mutagenic Effect of Space Environment and ^(60)Co-γ Ray on Rice Quality

作　　者：黄永相[1] 郭涛 蔡金洋 刘永柱 张建国 王慧 陈志强 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学农学院,广东湛江524088 [2]国家植物航天育种工程技术研究中心,广东广州510642

出　　处：《核农学报》2013年第6期709-714,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2007AA100101);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD97B02);广东省自然科学基金重点项目(S2011020001513);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金[粤财教(2009)356号]

摘　　要：研究了4个水稻品种返回式卫星搭载和60Co-γ射线辐照两种条件下SP2(M2)和SP3(M3)的稻米品质差异性。研究结果表明,空间诱变后代稻米品质性状发生不同程度的变异,其变异幅度和方向因品种或性状不同而异;空间诱变后代的胶稠度、垩白粒率和垩白度主要为正向变异,而直链淀粉含量多为负向变异,其变化趋势与γ射线辐照后代相似,但前者更有利于创造米粒长宽比大、糊化温度低和垩白小的变异株系。稳定性分析显示,空间诱变后代米粒长宽比和直链淀粉含量在SP2与SP3间的相关系数变幅分别为0.2979～0.9039和0.2356～0.7142,并且大多数相关系数达到极显著水平,表明可在SP2对其进行早代选择。The mutagenic effects on grain quality of SP2（M2） and SP3（M3） were studied using four rice cultivars by treatments of space flight of recoverable satellite and 60Coγ-irradiation on the ground.The result showed that the quality traits of four cultivars after space flight existed widespread variation both in SP2 and in SP3,but the range and the direction of variation were varied with genotypes and traits.The space flight also led to the increase in gel consistency,chalkiness rate and chalkiness while the decline in amylose content in two generations,and these trends were similar to those of generations of γ-irradiation.Nevertheless,it seemed that space flight was more favorable to produce generations of increased length-width ratio,reduced chalkiness and gelatinization temperature than those of γ-irradiation.Stability analysis of quality traits between SP2（M2）and SP3（M3） discovered that the correlation coefficients of length-width ratio and amylose content varied from 0.2979 to 0.9039 and from 0.2356 to 0.7142,respectively.Moreover,majority of these coefficients were extremly significant positive,which suggested that early selection in SP2 for these two traits was effective.

关 键 词：水稻 空间诱变 品质性状 诱变效应 诱变育种 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]