一定灌施条件下大安灌区土壤氮素迁移规律  

Study on Nitrogen Migration Law in Soil from Da′an Irrigation Area under Given Irrigation and Fertilization Conditions

作　　者：胡昱欣[1] 李育松[1] 卞建民[1] 郝鹏飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地下水资源与环境教育部重点实验室,长春130021 [2]吉林省地质环境监测总站,长春130021

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2013年第3期324-327,345,共5页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41072255);吉林省自然科学基金项目(201115035)

摘　　要：为研究大安灌区土壤中氮素迁移规律,利用项目组在该区采集的典型土样,进行了室内土柱淋溶试验。根据该区现有的灌施方式,确定了本次试验方案。利用试验获得了不同土壤剖面深处土样氮素的质量分数,对试验数据进行了分析。结果表明:同一剖面中,铵态氮和硝态氮含量达到峰值时,其所在的土壤剖面深随灌施时间的延长,逐渐向下迁移。氮素在迁移过程中,土壤中铵态氮质量分数逐渐减小,硝态氮质量分数逐渐增大,铵态氮稳定性高于硝态氮。依据试验获得的灌施后土壤中铵态氮淋溶损失和硝态氮的累积规律,应合理控制灌施量,达到氮肥的高效利用。In order to study nitrogen migration law of soil samples from Da′an irrigation area,soil column leaching experiment using the typical soil samples collected by the project team in the area was done.Based on the irrigation and fertilization methods utilized in the area currently,the experimental project was determined.Experimental data were analyzed by using mass fraction of nitrogen at different depth of soil samples.The results show that in the same section,when ammonium and nitrate content reached the peak,its depth migrated downward gradually with the extension of time under given irrigation and fertilization conditions.The mass fraction of ammonium nitrogen in the soil gradually decreased in the migration process of nitrogen,while the mass fraction of nitrate in the soil gradually increased.Besides,the stability of the ammonium nitrogen was higher than nitrate.According to the law of ammonium nitrogen leaching losses and the accumulation of nitrate in the soil under given irrigation and fertilization conditions,the amount of the irrigation and fertilization should be controlled so as to achieve the efficient utilization of nitrogen fertilizer.

关 键 词：大安灌区 氮素 迁移规律 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]