中亚热带主要树种凋落叶在杉木人工林中分解及氮磷释放过程  

Decomposition and nitrogen-and phosphorus release of leaf litters from main tree species in a mid-subtropical forest

作　　者：仲米财[1,2,3] 王清奎[1,2] 高洪[2] 于小军[2] 

机构地区：[1]森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110164 [2]中国科学院会同森林生态实验站,湖南会同418307 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第7期1653-1659,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070436);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB416905)资助

摘　　要：采用分解网袋法研究了马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、桤木(Alnus cremastogyne)、木荷(Schima superba)、青冈(Cycloblanopsis glauca)等树种凋落叶在21年生杉木人工林内的分解速率和养分释放过程。经过13个月的分解实验,4种供试凋落叶以青冈分解最快,质量失重率为33.5%,其次为桤木和木荷,马尾松分解最慢,其质量失重率仅为29.9%。4种凋落叶分解50%和95%所需要的时间分别为21～26个月和94～112个月。在凋落叶分解过程中,除桤木凋落叶中氮含量下降外,其他3种凋落叶的氮含量均增加,但凋落叶的C/N均降低;在凋落叶分解的前3个月,凋落物中磷含量快速下降,此后变化很小,C/P呈增加趋势。在凋落叶分解过程中,马尾松凋落叶对氮素表现为固持作用,而其他3种凋落叶对氮素表现为净释放,4种凋落叶的磷素均表现为净释放。4种供试材料中桤木较适合与杉木混交种植。By using the standard litter-bag method, an experiment was conducted to study the decomposition rate and the nitrogen （N） and phosphorus （P） release processes of leaf litters derived from Pinus massoniana, Alnus cremastogyne, Schima superba, and Cycloblanopsis glauca in a 21-year-Cunninghamia lanceolata forest. By the end of the experiment （13 months incubation）, C. glauca litter had the highest decomposition rate, with 33.5% of mass loss, followed by A. cremastogyne and S. superba, and P. massoniana had the lowest decomposition rate, with 29.9% of mass loss. The time for 50% and 95% of the mass loss of the litters from the four tree species ranged from 21 to 26 months and from 94 to 112 months, respectively. During the decomposition, the N concentration in A. cremastogyne litter decreased, whereas that in the other tree species litters increased. The P concentration in the litters decreased rapidly at the first three months of decomposition, and then varied insignificantly. During litter decomposition, the ratio of carbon （C） to N decreased, while the ratio of C to P increased. C. glauca, A. cremastogyne, and S. superba litters had net N release, but P. massoniana litter had N sequestration. In terms of P, the litters from the four tree species had net release during decaying. Among the four tree species, A. cremastogyne was more appropriate to be mixed planted with C. lanceolata.

关 键 词：凋落叶 质量残余率 养分释放 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]