不同贮藏方式对河西走廊四种茄科植物种子萌发的影响  

Effects of storage condition on the seed germination of four Solanaceae species in Hexi Corridor,China

作　　者：王桔红[1,2] 陈文[3] 马瑞君[1] 

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院生物系,广东潮州521041 [2]河西学院甘肃省高校河西走廊特色资源利用省级重点实验室,甘肃张掖734000 [3]韩山师范学院地理与旅游管理系,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2013年第7期1807-1812,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270429);广东韩山师范学院2012年科研团队项目(LT201204);中央高校自由探索面上项目(lzujbky-2012-118)资助

摘　　要：种子扩散后的贮藏条件对其萌发有着重要影响。本文探讨了4种贮藏条件(室温、冬季枯落物表层、枯落物覆盖、冬季浅层覆土)对河西走廊4种茄科植物黑果枸杞(Lyci-um ruthenicumr)、黄果枸杞(L.barbarum var.auranticarpum)、红果龙葵(Solanum alatum)和曼陀罗(Darura stramonium)种子萌发的影响。结果表明:经冬季浅层覆土(1 cm)和枯落物覆盖的黑果枸杞种子萌发率(96.5%和75.5%)和黄果枸杞种子萌发率(65.3%、53.6%)显著提高,萌发速率加快;未萌发的黑果枸杞和黄果枸杞种子保持较高活性;黑果枸杞种子经冬季枯落物表层和室温存放后萌发率为57.5%,未萌发种子活性丢失率较高(47.5%和31%);黄果枸杞种子经枯落物表层存放后,萌发率为39.3%,未萌发种子部分活性丢失(38%);经各种贮藏后的红果龙葵种子萌发率均较高(>90%),曼陀罗种子萌发率极低(<10%),种子保持较高活性(50.5%～81.5%)。黑果枸杞和黄果枸杞种子萌发对贮藏条件具有一致性的响应,即经过冬季浅层覆土和枯落物覆盖后萌发率均显著提高、萌发速率加快、萌发历程缩短,说明冬季的湿冷环境能够打破黑果枸杞和黄果枸杞种子休眠,并保持种子活性;而冬季干燥寒冷环境可使部分种子失活,不利于种群的建植和自然更新。种子萌发对湿冷的需求反映了温带植物繁衍种族的自然机制,保证了幼苗存活和建植的最大化。The storage condition of plant seeds after their dispersal is critical to the seed germination. This paper studied the effects of four storage conditions （dry-stored at room temperature, and placed on litter, covered with litter, and covered with soil in winter） on the seed germination of four Solanaceae species （Lycium ruthenicumr, L. barbarum var. auranticarpum, Solanum alatum, and Darura stramonium） in Hexi Corridor, aimed to better understand the seed germination characteristics of these species and how these species adapting to their habitats. Covering seeds with soil （1 cm） and litter in winter could significantly increase the germination percentage of L. ruthenicumr and L. barbarum var. auranticarpum seeds up to 96.5% and 75.5%, and 65.3% and 53.7%, respectively, and accelerate the germination. In the meantime, the nongerminated seeds of L. ruthenicumr and L. barbarum var. auranticarpum could still keep higher viability. Placing on litter in winter and dry-storing at room temperature could increase the germination percentage of L. ruthenicumr seeds by 57.5%, while the non-germinated seeds could loss their viability by 47.5% and 31%, respectively. Placing on litter in winter made the germination percentage of L. barbarum var. auranticarpum seeds being 39.3%, and partial non-germinated seeds （38%） lost their viability. After stored under the four storage conditions, the germination percentage of S. alatum seeds was more than 90% while that of D. stramonium seeds was less than 10%, but the non-germinated seeds of D. stramonium still kept 50.5%-81.5% viability. Both L. ruthenicumr and L. barbarum var. auranticarpum displayed the consistency in the responses of seed germination to various storage conditions, i.e., the seeds of the two species under soil and litter cover in winter had a significantly higher germination percentage, the germination was accelerated, and the germin

关 键 词：枯落物覆盖 覆土 湿冷层积 种子萌发 更新 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]