构建基于自我负担系数的退休年龄决定机制  

Study on Building Determining Mechanism of Retirement Age Based on Self Dependency Coefficient

作　　者：褚福灵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学精算研究院/社会保障研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《经济管理》2013年第7期161-171,共11页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"我国城乡养老保障评估指标体系构建及其实证应用研究"(12JJD790006)

摘　　要：退休年龄是退出劳动领域和领取养老金的年龄，世界各国的退休年龄明显不同。退休年龄过低或过高，都将影响养老保险事业的持续健康发展。退休年龄虽然受多种因素影响，但决定性因素应当是养老保险缴费资格年限与领取养老金年限的对比关系，即自我负担系数。应当以养老保险的自我负担系数为标杆，建立起科学的、常态化的、自动调节的退休年龄决定机制。本文根据自我负担系数决定退休年龄原理和世界165个国家的实践数据，对中国2010～2060年的退休年龄区间进行了测算，提出了以5年为周期的退休年龄调整幅度的退休年龄决定机制。It is important to study determining mechanism of retirement age. Retirement age, which too high or too low will impact the sustainable and sound development of old age insurance, is an age of a labourer quit labour force market and receive old age pension. Though retirement age determined by a lot of factors, the key factor should be the correlation between contribution period and payment period, which is self dependency coefficient. Adjusting retirement age is a very sensitive topic, if the adjustment cial loss. We should base on self dependency coefficient is not reasonable, that will lead to social instability and so- and build up scientific,normal and self-adjusting determi- ning mechanism of retirement age. Retirement age is quite difference between various countries in the world. According to the data from 165 coun- tries or regions, highest retirement age is 67 years old, and lowest retirement age is 50 years old, meanwhile man＇s retirement age is higher than women＇s. According to current polices in China, man＇s retirement age is 60 years old, women cadres＇ retirement age is 55 years old ,workwoman＇s retirement age is 50 years old. The factors impacting retirement age is mainly include capacity of labourer, balance of fund, and governing ide- as. The immediate cause impacting retirement age is labour capacity ; reasonable range of retirement age should be a range of age in which sufficient labour capacity cannot be provided. Retirement age is related to fund balance close- ly ; reasonable range of retirement age should be a range of age in which balance of old age insurance fund could be realized basically. Retirement age is regulated legally; that adopting higher retirement age or lower retirement age is related to governing ideas such as people oriented, moderate labour, and full employment. Self dependency coefficient, which reflecting that payment period burden by per contribution period, has a pro- found theoretical connotation. Formulization as follow： self dependency coefficient = pa

关 键 词：自我负担系数 退休年龄 决定机制 

分 类 号：C979[经济管理—劳动经济]