试论《大宪章》对英国政治民主和商业社会发展的影响  

Remark on the "Magna Carta" Content and Its Impact on British Business and Social Development of Political Democracy

作　　者：陈灿[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学历史文化学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第3期91-95,共5页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部社科青年基金项目(12YJC770004)

摘　　要：受原始的军事民主制传统、封君封臣契约关系、基督教神权政治的影响,加上约翰王的横征暴敛,《大宪章》在1215年产生。《大宪章》保护了教俗贵族合法的人身和财产权,规定了公正的法庭审判原则,保护了教皇的权威和教会的自由。它还具体规定了城市特权、商人通商权利、妇女的权利和地位。《大宪章》为"王在法下""王在议会"商人和商业社会的发展提供了法律依据和保障,成为英国资产阶级革命时期议会同王权斗争的法律武器,为推动资产阶级民主政治的发展提供了政治动力。Due to the original tradition of military democracy, lord-vassal system of the contractual relationship, the Christian theocratic political system, coupled with the King John＇s exactions led to generate＂Magna Carta＂ in 1215. ＂Magna Carta＂ protected the ecclesial , secular nobles personal and legal property rights, provided for a fair trial principles, and protec- ted the authority of the Pope and the Church freedom~ simultaneously, it also specified the city＇s privileges, merchants trading rights, and women＇s the rights and status. ＂Magna Carta＂ provides the legal basis and security in ＂King under the law,＂ ＂King in Parliament＂ and the development of businessmen and the business community, It became legal weapon for the parliamentary to struggle with the royal during bourgeois revolution in Britain and provided a political impetus to promote t he development of bourgeois democracy

关 键 词：《大宪章》 人身自由 私人财产 商人和商业社会 

分 类 号：K561.3[历史地理—历史学]