聚吡咯／硝酸活化碳气凝胶复合材料在超级电容器中的应用  

Polypyrrole/nitric acid activated carbon aerogel composite materials for supercapacitors

作　　者：李亚捷[1] 倪星元[1] 沈军[1] 刘冬[1] 刘念平[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学物理科学与工程学院上海市特殊人工微结构材料与技术重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《功能材料》2013年第12期1750-1754,共5页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51072137,50802064,11074189);国家科技支撑计划重点资助项目(2009BAC62B02);上海科学技术委员会资助项目(11nm0501600)

摘　　要：用溶胶-凝胶法制备出碳气凝胶,对其进行硝酸活化,与聚吡咯复合(化学氧化聚合法)及先活化后复合,探究活化、复合对碳气凝胶性能的影响。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜表征材料的成分和形貌,通过循环伏安法、恒流充放电、交流阻抗及循环性测试等考察材料的电化学性能。结果表明,最佳处理方式为先活化后复合。比电容量大大提高,约为纯碳气凝胶的3倍,扫描速率为5mV/s时,比电容量达311F/g;1000次循环后比电容稳定在较高数值;导电性也得到提高。The carbon aerogel（CA） is prepared via sol-gel process, then treat it in the following three ways： ac tivate by nitric acid; composite with polypyrrole （PPY） by chemical oxidation polymerization; composite after activation. Explore the effects of these approaches. Constitution and morphology of these materials were char acterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and scanning electron microscope. The electrochemical per formances of materials were tested by cyclic vohammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic test. The results show that the best treatment process is composite after acti- vation. The specific capacitance is two times higher than CA, the specific capacitance reaches 311F/g at a scan rate of 5mV/s; after 1000 cycles the specific capacitance nearly at a fixed high value;the conductivity is also im- proved.

关 键 词：碳气凝胶 聚吡咯 复合 硝酸活化 超级电容器 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学] O648[理学—化学]