硒和维生素E对肉牛养分表观消化率、氮平衡、能量代谢及血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of Selenium and Vitamin E on Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance,Energy Metabolism and Blood Biochemical Indices of Beef Cattle

作　　者：张拴林[1] 袁霞[1] 徐亚光[1] 聂玉梅 武晋孝 程建国 杨致玲[1] 黄应祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科技学院,太谷030801 [2]山西省饲料兽药监察所,太原030027

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2013年第6期1219-1228,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(20080311038);山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(714198)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究硒和维生素E对肉牛养分表观消化率、氮平衡、能量代谢及血液生化指标的影响。选用4头5岁、平均体重(500±20)kg的装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔阉牛,采用4×4双因素随机设计,在饲粮中分别添加0、0.1、0.2和0.3 mg/kg硒和0、30、60和90 IU/kg的维生素E,共形成16组饲粮,硒水平(mg/kg)/维生素E水平(IU/kg)分别为0/0(1组)、0.1/0(2组)、0.2/0(3组)、0.3/0(4组)、0/30(5组)、0.1/30(6组)、0.2/30(7组)、0.3/30(8组)、0/60(9组)、0.1/60(10组)、0.2/60(11组)、0.3/60(12组)、0/90(13组)、0.1/90(14组)、0.2/90(15组)、0.3/90(16组)。检测肉牛养分表观消化率、氮平衡、能量代谢和血液生化指标的变化。结果表明:1)14组饲粮有机物表观消化率显著高于1组(P<0.05),8组粗蛋白质和干物质表观消化率显著高于1组(P<0.05),11和12组粗脂肪表观消化率显著或极显著高于1、2和3组(P<0.05或P<0.01),8、12和14组的无氮浸出物表观消化率显著高于1组(P<0.05),各组中性洗涤纤维表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05),4、7、8、12和14组的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于1组(P<0.05)。2)8组的可消化氮显著高于1组(P<0.05),4、8和14组的沉积氮显著高于1、2、5和9组(P<0.05)。3)添加硒和维生素E对粪能、气体能和沉积能无显著影响(P>0.05),4和8组的消化能和代谢能显著高于2组(P<0.05)。4)添加硒和维生素E对血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、尿素氮含量影响不显著(P>0.05),4、8和12组的白蛋白含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于1组(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶活性显著或极显著高于其余组(P<0.05或P<0.01),8、12、13和14组的谷草转氨酶活性显著高于其余组(P<0.05),1、9和13组的甲状腺素含量显著高于其余组(P<0.05),12组的三碘甲腺原氨酸含量显著高于除4、8和15组外的其余组(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加硒和维生素E提高了饲粮养分表观消化率,促进了氮平衡和能量代谢,硒和维生素This study was conducted to investigate the effects of selenium and vitamin E on nutrient apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance, energy metabolism and blood biochemical indices of beef cattle. Four Simmental steers I average body weight was （500 ±20） kg, 5 years of ageJ with permanent rumen fistulas were used in a 4 × 4 two-factor design, and fed the diets supplemented with 0, 0.1,0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg selenium and 0, 30, 60 and 90 IU/kg vitamin E, respectively. There were 16 diets in all. Selenium （mg/kg）/vitamin E （IU/kg） levels were 0/0 （ group 1 ）, 0.1/0 （ group 2 ）, 0.2/0 （ group 3 ）, 0.3/0 （ group 4 ）, 0/30 （ group 5） , 0.1/30 （group 6） , 0.2/30 （group 7） , 0.3/30 （group 8） , 0/60 （group 9） , 0.1/60 （group 10） , 0.2/60 （group 11）, 0.3/60 （group 12）, 0/90 （group 13）, 0.1/90 （group 14）, 0.2/90 （group 15） and 0.3/90 （ group 16）, respectively. Changes of nutrient apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance, energy metab- olism and blood biochemical indices of beef cattle were analyzed. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） the digestibility of OM in group 14 was significantly higher than that in group 1 （ P 〈 0.05 ）, the digestibility of CP and DM in group 8 was significantly higher than that in groupl （ P 〈 0.05 ）, EE digestibility in groups 11 and 12 was significantly higher than that in groups 1, 2 and 3 （P 〈0.05）, NFE digestibility in groups 8, 12 and 14 was significantly higher than that in group 1 （P 〈0.05）, NDF digestibility was not affected （P 〉0.05）, and ADF digestibility in groups 4, 7, 8, 12 and 14 was significantly higher than that in group 1 （ P 〈0.05）. 2 ） Digestive nitrogen in group 8 was significantly higher than that in group 1 （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and retention nitrogen in groups 4, 8 and 12 was significantly higher than that in groups 1,2, 5 and 9 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 3 ） Fecal en- ergy, gaseous energy and energy retention were not significantly affected （P 〉 0.05 ）, but dig

关 键 词：硒 维生素E 表观消化率 氮平衡 能量代谢 生化指标 西门塔尔阉牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]