同步轨道通信卫星天线覆盖图在轨测试方法  

Study on In-Orbit Test Methods for Antenna Coverage of Geostationary Communication Satellites

作　　者：许国庆[1] 毛新宏[2] 贺中人[1] 杨丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [2]中国空间技术研究院通信卫星事业部,北京100094

出　　处：《飞行器测控学报》2013年第3期217-223,共7页Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology

摘　　要：同步轨道通信卫星天线覆盖图在轨测试的目的是检验卫星入轨后上下行覆盖图与设计覆盖区域的一致性,以及太阳照射产生的天线热变形等因素对覆盖特性的影响。针对卫星上常用的固定赋形波束天线、区域波束天线和可移动点波束天线等类型的星载天线在轨测试问题,分析了几种在轨测试方法的原理,包括偏置卫星姿态法、转动天线平台法以及使用移动测量站的方法,提出了偏置卫星姿态法中融合转发器遥测参数判决和多站联合在轨测试的解决方案,有效解决了既要节省宝贵的燃料又要尽可能测量多条切线方向图的工程难题。对真星的固定赋形波束天线和可移动点波束天线进行了在轨测试,测试结果与实际特性吻合很好,验证了方法的可行性。最后,针对融合遥测参数判决的多站联合偏置卫星姿态法的测量不确定度进行了分析。The purpose of in-orbit tests on the antenna pattern of geostationary communication satellites is to verify consistency of the stationed satellite footprint with the designed coverage area, and to analyze the influence of anten- na thermal deformation caused by solar radiation on the coverage characteristics. This paper describes relevant in-or-bit test methods, e.g. maneuvering satellite attitude method, moving antenna platform method and using movable earth station method, for three types of antennas used on satellites, fixed shaped antenna, zone beam antenna and movable spot beam antenna. A solution by using transponder telemetry parameters and multiple stations in maneu- vering satellite attitude is studied and a challenge of saving precious fuel and measuring as much pattern cuts as pos- sible is effectively resolved. In-orbit tests are performed on a fixed shaped antenna and a movable spot beam antenna of a real satellite . The test results show good agreement with theoretical characteristics, proving feasibility of the methods. Finally, the measurement uncertainty of the solution is analyzed.

关 键 词：星载天线覆盖图 在轨测试 可移动点波束 偏置卫星姿态法 

分 类 号：V556.6[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] TN828.5[电子电信—信息与通信工程]