云南彝良地震灾区卫生防病工作的实施与思考  

Summarize on implementation of health and disease prevention after Yunnan Yiliang earthquake

作　　者：袁正泉[1] 张秀山[2] 高志贤[3] 贾瑞忠[1] 杨振洲[1] 范顺良[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院疾病预防控制所,北京100039 [2]科技部疾控办 [3]卫生学环境医学研究所

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2013年第6期508-510,共3页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：北京自然科学基金资助项目,课题名称：重大突发事件中的公共卫生应急全过程评估理论与方法研究（9122023）

摘　　要：通过分析云南彝良地震灾区卫生防病工作特点，迅速组织开展疫情危害风险的科学评估，对灾后地震和洪水等“叠加灾害”可能引起的传染病疫情和食源性疾病等公共卫生问题采取了及时有效的针对性防控措施。提出了加强军队疾控机构防疫防护保障能力的几点启示和建议：进一步研究完善军地卫生防病应急协调机制，军队疾控力量要发挥应急反应、保障体制和现场处置能力等方面的优势特长，勇于担当主角。进一步加强现场适用技术和装备的研发，特别是在传染病病原的现场快速检测、食品安全和水源水质分析、有害生物的鉴定等方面加强应用性研究，实现卫生装备的标准化、小型化、系列化、多样化。进一步提高对非战争军事行动防疫工作的重视，医疗救援和卫生防疫力量应同步派出，针对可能发生的突发公共卫生事件进行快速的风险评估，及时采取有效应对措施。进一步强化非战争军事行动防疫准备和锻炼实践，通过执行抗震救灾防疫等任务实践，锻炼检验队伍的实战能力，及时总结经验教训，不断完善各类应急准备预案和方案，强化训练演练，切实提高军队疾控机构执行非战争军事行动以及防疫防护保障能力。Analyzing the features of health and disease prevention work performed in Yunnan Yiliang earthquake area, an assessment on a possible epidemic hazard was rapidly unfolded, aiming at preventing major public health issues caused by infectious disease and foodborne disease which was commonly seen in the ＂double-disaster＂ of earthquake and flood. A few of valuable suggestions were also carried out in the assessment as follows（1） Enhance coordination on disease prevention and emergency responding between the military CDC and the local competent authorities. Featuring rapid emergency responding capability, effective logistic supporting system, on-site disposal ability, the military CDC may play a major role in such a disaster relief mission. Develop the equipments which are more suitably used in the field for on-site instant detection of pathogens, food security and water quality analysis. Strengthen the concept of disease prevention in non-military operation; dispatch medical rescue and anti-epidemic prevention forces simultaneously; perform an assessment for any possible public health issues triggered by the disaster, as well as the responding measures. Enhance disease prevention preparation and practice in non-war military operations; perform analysis on those relief missions and create different preparation plans. All above may be considered being valuable in improving our capability of disease prevention.

关 键 词：地震灾区 卫生防病 防疫 

分 类 号：R605.974[医药卫生—急诊医学]