不同目数防虫网覆盖对豇豆栽培小气候的影响  

Effects of Different Mesh Number of Fly Net on Microclimate of Cowpea Cultivation

作　　者：吴乾兴[1] 肖日升[1] 李劲松[1] 孔祥义[1] 许如意[1] 

机构地区：[1]三亚市南繁科学技术研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第12期5244-5246,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(310065)

摘　　要：[目的]为三亚地区冬季豇豆(Asparagus bean)设施栽培面积的不断扩大提供技术支持。[方法]以春早优豇豆为试材,采用GP-C832加强型钢管大棚栽培,研究20、30、40、50目白色防虫网对棚内温度、光照、湿度等小气候的影响。[结果]不同目数防虫网大棚内气温在晴天和阴雨天变化幅度不明显,晴天湿度和光照变化幅度较阴雨天明显。除了3月中旬20目最高温度略高于30和50目外,其他时期各目数处理在平均温度、最高温度和最低温度上差异不大。晴天和阴雨天,30、40、50目数处理的温度比20目低0.2～0.6℃,目数网间高温与低温的增幅不明显。晴天和阴雨天,在同一时段40目防虫网内的光照变化幅度最大,30目最小。晴天光照最高值大小依次为59.8 klx(40目)>38.1 klx(20目)>31.9 klx(50目)>6.4 klx(30目);阴雨天光照最高值大小依次为26.2 kl(40目)x>16.1 klx(20目)>12.9 klx(50目)>2.9klx(30目)。晴天在相对湿度处于90%以上的持续时间:30目>50目>20目>40目;阴雨天各目数处理相对湿度都有超过临界点,但40目处理整体相对湿度小于其他目数处理,且相对湿度饱和点持续时间长于其他目数处理。[结论]相比较于其他目数网,在光照以及湿度上看,30目防虫网不利于豇豆生长。[Objective] The aim was to provide a technical support for gradually enlarging protected cultivation area of winter Asparagus bean in Sanya region.[Method] Using Chunzaoyou cowpea as test materials,and GP-C832 reinforced steel greenhouse as cultivation facility,the effects of 20,30,40,50 mesh white insect-proof net on the temperature,light intensity,humidity in greenhouse were studied.[Result]The results showed that the temperature change of all treatments was not obvious between sunny days and cloudy and rainy days;Humidity and light intensity significantly changed in the sunny days compared to the cloudy and rainy days.Except the highest temperature of 20 mesh treatment was a little higher than that of 30 and 50 mesh treatment in the middle ten days of March,all treatments was no significant difference in the average temperature,the highest temperature and the lowest temperature at the other times.In sunny days and cloudy and rainy days,30,40,50 mesh treatment＇s temperature was lower than that of 0.2-0.6 ℃,the increasing width of the high and low temperature of all treatments was no obvious;during the same period,the light intensity＇s change width of 40 mesh treatment was the biggest,and that of 30 mesh was the smallest.In sunny days,the highest value of the light intensity of all treatments was as follows： 59.8 klx（40 mesh）〉 38.1 klx（20 mesh）〉 31.9 klx（50 mesh）〉 6.4 klx（30 mesh）;in cloudy and rainy days,that was as follows： 26.2 klx（40 mesh） 〉16.1 klx（20 mesh） 〉12.9 klx（50 mesh） 〉2.9 klx（30 mesh）.In sunny days,the duration time of the relative humidity over 90% of all treatments was as follows： 30 mesh 〉50 mesh 〉20 mesh〉 40 mesh;in cloudy and rainy days,the relative humidity of all treatments was over the critical point,but the overall relative humility of 40 mesh treatment was smaller than that of the other mesh treatments,and the duration time of its relative humility saturation point was longer than that of the other mesh treatments.[Conclusion]

关 键 词：小气候 豇豆 防虫网 

分 类 号：S643.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]