YM型小麦温敏不育系在不同条件下的花粉母细胞发育比较  

Comparison of PMC growth of YM Type Thermo-sensitive Male Sterile Wheat Line under the Sterile and Fertile Conditions

作　　者：李红燕[1,2] 何蓓如[1] 胡银岗[1] 李宏斌[1] 丁朋辉[1] 刘顺湖[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]济宁学院生命科学与工程系,山东曲阜273155

出　　处：《济宁学院学报》2013年第3期53-57,共5页Journal of Jining University

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(2007K02-04-01)

摘　　要：YM型小麦温敏雄性不育系是一类含有莫迦小麦(T.macha var.subletshchumicum)染色体片段的新类型不育系,几代田间试验,发现该类不育系的一些株系具有育性转换特点.为了探讨该类材料在杂交小麦研究中的利用价值,从田间选取一个株系YM3017-131,比较了其田间正季分蘖穗(不育条件)和再生分蘖穗(可育条件)的花粉发育特点,同时在设置不同温度的人工气候箱中培养相同材料进行了观察.结果表明:在不育和可育条件下以同样的形态分类标准取材镜鉴,发育时期类似,幼穗在形态上所处位置与发育时期密切相关;供试材料在可育条件下的败育率略低于不育条件下的败育率;不育条件下田间平均自交结实率低于可育条件下田间平均自交结实率.YM3017-131中部分单株在杨凌地区秋季播种时,正季分蘖穗完全不育,再生分蘖穗部分可育,发生了育性转换.从育种角度考虑,可以从该株系中选择一些正季分蘖穗自交结实率为0,再生分蘖穗自交结实率较高的单株,进一步筛选育性转换稳定的株系,为杂交小麦研究提供有价值的基础材料.To realize pollen fertility of YM Type Thermo-sensitive male sterile wheat line YM3017, growth of PMC was observed by microscope,the ratio of abortive pollen was calculated by I2-KI dyeing, self seed set ratio was investigated. The results were as follows： （1）The samples under the sterile and fertile conditions which were observed according as the same classified standard, their growth phases were similar; （2） The ratio of abortive pollen of YM3017-131 was a little lower under the fertile condition than the sterile condition; （3） The self seed set ratio was much different under the sterile and fertile conditions. As a whole, the self seed set ratio under the sterile condition was lower than the identical plant under the fertile condition. When Some of them were sowed in autumn in Yangling, Shaanxi, spikes of right time tillers were completed sterile and spikes of ratooning tillers were partially fertile. Fertility conversion was happened in these plants.

关 键 词：小麦(Triticum aestivumL ) 温敏雄性不育系 花粉发育 败育率 自交结实率 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]