论美国的世界人口控制政策——基于“第200号国家安全研究备忘录”的分析  

U.S. World Population Control Policy ——Based on the Analysis of No.200 National Security Research Memorandums

作　　者：栗广[1] 陶建武[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2013年第6期64-78,共15页Pacific Journal

摘　　要：20世纪70年代,美国不遗余力地推动以世界人口控制为主题的"第200号国家安全研究备忘录",并经约翰逊总统到福特总统多届政府的修订,终于成为美国的官方政策。本项研究发现,美国所推行的世界人口控制政策从客观上看,确实对降低世界人口增长速度起到了一定的积极作用;但从其推行该政策的动机来看,都是为了最大限度地保护其国家安全和海外利益,继而保持其在世界上的领导地位。尽管学界对美国的世界人口控制政策的执行、影响及实质存有多种解读,但该政策的全球性影响是显而易见的,探索一条全新路径——以解决人口—资源不平衡问题,已成为人类共识。In the 1970s, the United States spared no effort to promote the theme of the world＇ s population con- trol, and the so -called ＂ No. 200 National Security Research Memorandum＂ eventually becomes the official policy of the United States according to the amendments of previous administrations from the tenure of President Lyndon B. Johnson till the tenure of President Gerald R. Ford Jr.. The memorandum discovered that from an objective point of view, the world＇ s population control policy implemented by the United States did play a posi- tive role in reducing world＇ s population growth; however, from the perspective of the motivation of implemen- ting the policy, this policy is to maximize the interests from abroad and enhance the protection of the national se- curity, so as to maintain its leadership all around the world. Although the scholars have myriads of interpreta- tions on the implementation, the impact and the essence of the world＇ s population control policy adopted by the United States, the global impact of the policy is quite obvious, and exploring a blandly new route to solve the problem of population - resource imbalance has become a consensus of mankind.

关 键 词：世界人口 控制政策 欠发达国家 美国 

分 类 号：D819[政治法律—国际关系]