BMY牛改良滇中黄牛的效果研究  

Effects on BMY Cattle Cross Dianzhong Yellow Cattle

作　　者：和占星[1] 王安奎[1] 施运科 杨凯[1] 杨世平[1] 亐开兴[1] 张继才[1] 杨国荣[1] 金显栋[1] 袁希平[1] 付美芬[1] 赵刚[1] 刘建勇[1] 王喆[1] 陈德良 孔志平 周自知 姚军本 黄必志[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212 [2]云南省楚雄州畜牧科技推广站,云南楚雄675000 [3]云南省大姚县畜牧兽医局,云南大姚675400 [4]云南省楚雄市畜牧兽医局,云南楚雄675000 [5]云南省南华县畜牧兽医局,云南南华675200 [6]云南省双柏县畜牧兽医局,云南双柏675100

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2013年第3期10-18,共9页China Cattle Science

基　　金：云南省技术创新人才培养项目(2010CI082);云南省科技厅"云南主要肉牛品种对日粮养分的利用效果研究"(2012FD084);"BMY牛繁育技术及繁育体系构建"(2012ZA024);肉牛良种资源选育及高效杂交组合利用(2008LA018);国家肉牛产业技术体系(CARS-038)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨以楚雄州为代表的滇中地区气候条件下,用BMY牛改良滇中黄牛的效果及BMY牛的推广应用前景。[方法]以滇中黄牛为母本,BMY牛为父本,在楚雄州开展杂交改良效果的调查。[结果]①选择滇中黄牛母牛,用BMY牛冻精累计输精9 055头,受胎7 254头,受胎率80.11%,产犊6 781头,产犊率93.48%;②BMY×本杂的初生、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄、24月龄和30月龄体重与滇中黄牛比较,公牛分别提高29.70%、33.82%、36.73%、35.97%、33.12%和47.21%,母牛分别提高23.34%、34.45%、32.32%、11.03%、30.07%和36.49%,但总体生长速度不及BMY牛、西×本杂;初生到24月龄的平均日增重(ADG)比较,BMY×本杂公牛(316.4g)高于滇中黄牛和短×本杂,但低于BMY牛和西×本杂,母牛高于滇中黄牛,但低于BMY牛和其它组合;③BMY×本杂不同年龄段的各体尺指标均显著高于滇中黄牛,特别是体长、体高、胸宽、胸深、胸围、腹围和臀围等的发育更好;18月龄开始,部分体尺指标接近或超过短×本杂。④BMY×本杂24月龄公、母牛的BPI分别比滇中黄牛高出0.43和0.36,分别提高23.8%和20.2%,但低于BMY牛和西×本杂;⑤13～15月龄公牛经93d育肥,BMY×本杂的ADG达1 133.3g,高于短×本杂,但低于西×本杂、安×本杂和BMY牛,屠宰率61.04%,达到BMY牛和其它杂交组合的水平,但净肉率略低于其它组合。[结论]用BMY牛改良滇中黄牛的效果非常明显,杂交一代具有耐粗饲、耐热、抗蜱、适应性广、易饲养的特点。本研究结果为BMY牛在我国南方黄牛改良中的推广应用提供了重要的参考依据。[Objective]The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hybridization on BMY cat- tle X Dianzhong Yellow cattle and the its extension under the climate of Central Yunnan, Chuxiong prefec- ture. [MethodlBMY cattle （ ♂ ） × Dianzhong Yellow cattle （ ♀ ） were used to observe the effects on cross- breeding. [Result]O9 055 Dianzhong Yellow cows were inseminated by the frozen semen of BMY cattle, of which the pregnant and calving cows were 7 254 and 6 781 individuals, and the conception rate and cal- ving rate were 80.11% and 93.48 %, respectively. （2）The hybrid bulls＂ body weights at new born, 6-month, 12-month,18-month,24-month and 30-month increased by 29.70%, 33.82%,36.73%,35.97%,33.12% and 47. 21% compared to those of Dianzhong Yellow bulls, respectively. And, the hybrid cows＂ body weights at birth, 6-month, 12-month, 18-month, 24-month and 30-month increased by 23. 34~, 34.45%, 32.32%, 11.03%, 30.07% and 36.49% compared to those of Dianzhong Yellow cows,respectively. But the crossbreeds grew slower than those of BMY cattle and （Simmental X Dianzhong Yellow）. The ADGs （average daily gains） from birth to 24-month bulls in （BMY cattleX Dianzhong Yellow） hybrids were high- er （316.4 g） than those of Dianzhong Yellow cattle and （Simmental X Dianzhong Yellow） hybrids, and were lower than those of BMY cattle and （Simmental X Dianzhong Yellow） hybrids. The ADGs hybrid cows were higher than those of Dianzhong Yellow cows, and lower than those of BMY cattle and other crossbreeding combinations. （3）All the body indexes of （BMY cattleX Dianzhong Yellow） hybrids were sig- nificantly higher than those of Dianzhong Yellow cattle,of which the bigger measurements involving body length,body height, chest width, chest depth, chest circumference, abdominal circumference and hipline showed better development performances in the hybrids. Meanwhile, one parts of body measurements were close to or exceeded those of （Simmental × Dianzhong Yellow） hybrids since 18-month a

关 键 词：BMY牛 滇中黄牛 杂交改良 BPI 

分 类 号：S813.22[农业科学—畜牧学]