战后初期苏联强化集体农庄的国内外原因分析  

Analysis on the Reasons Home and Abroad of Soviet Strengthening Collective Farms in the Early Postwar Period

作　　者：王洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学历史系,北京100871

出　　处：《古今农业》2013年第2期24-37,共14页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

摘　　要：二战结束后苏联立即着手恢复和发展国民经济,刚刚走出战争阴影的苏联农民迫切要求减轻负担改善生活状况,但战后初期(1946—1953)苏联政府却罔顾民众要求,在农村实行了一系列强化集体农庄制度的政策措施。本文拟从战争后果、战后国际形势对苏联内政方针的影响以及旱灾对农村的影响等三个方面,分析战后苏联政府选择强化集体农庄的原因。Soviet Union proceeded immediately to recover and develop the national economy after World War II.Farmers who just stepped out of the war shadow were in urgent need to reduce their burdens and improve living conditions.However,during the early postwar period（1946—1953）,the Soviet government had put forward a series of policies and measures to strengthen the collective farm system in rural areas ignoring people’s demands.From three perspectives of consequences of war,the influence to internal affairs by the postwar international situation and the impact of rural drought,this paper analyzes reasons of Soviet choosing measures to strengthen collective farms in the early postwar period.

关 键 词：苏联农业 集体农庄 冷战 

分 类 号：F351.2[经济管理—产业经济]