水浴和自然条件下熔铸炸药凝固过程的数值计算  

Numerical Calculation of Solidification Process of Melt-cast Explosive in Water Bath and Natural Conditions

作　　者：马松[1] 袁俊明[1] 刘玉存[1] 常双君[1] 王建华[1] 于雁武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2013年第3期54-58,共5页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：火炸药国防专项

摘　　要：采用有限元法分别对水浴和自然条件下的炸药凝固过程进行了数值计算,预测了缩孔生成特征,其中水浴凝固环境为40℃液面上升的温水浴,另加75℃冒口保温。结果表明,炸药降温过程中在78℃附近出现不同的温度滞后现象,水浴条件下的滞后时间较传统工艺条件下小,且由内层向外层,顶部向底部依次缩减;水浴条件下炸药轴向温度梯度较大,且愈靠下方径向凝固速度愈大,致使相界面呈漏斗状向顶部迁移、收缩;炸药在水浴条件下凝固后内部缩孔区域、最大孔隙率较传统工艺条件下小。The finite element method is used to simulate the solidification molding process under water bath and nat ural condition, and the formation characteristics of shrinkage porosity are predicted. The water bath condition is a rising liquid level of 40℃ water cooling environment and riser region is insulated at 75℃. The results show that dif- ferent temperature hysteresis appears near 78℃ in explosive cooling process, hysteresis time is much shorter in wa ter bath condition than in traditional condition, and it reduces in water bath condition in the order： from inner to outer layer and from top to bottom. The temperature gradient in axial direction is higher, the rate of solidification in radial direction is higher near bottom, the phase interface is funnel-shaped, and it shrinks and transits from bottom to top. The area of shrinkages and largest porosities in explosive is smaller in water bath condition than in traditional condition when it is solidified.

关 键 词：材料科学 熔铸炸药 凝固 有限元法 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O48[理学—固体物理]