灌河口海域表层沉积物中重金属的污染变化及潜在生态危害  

Variations and ecological risk assessments of heavy metals in surface sediments from Guan River Estuary

作　　者：宋晓娟 贺心然[2,1] 陈斌林 曹广林 曹雷 马玉琴 

机构地区：[1]连云港市环境监测中心站,江苏连云港222001 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [3]连云港市环境保护局,江苏连云港222001 [4]连云港市环境保护科学研究所,江苏连云港222001

出　　处：《海洋科学》2013年第5期25-32,共8页Marine Sciences

基　　金：连云港市科技发展计划项目(SH1113);江苏省环保科技项目(2010043);国家自然科学基金项目(40906054)

摘　　要：采用ICP-MS和AFS对灌河口海域表层沉积物中重金属进行了分析。研究表明:近年来该海域重金属污染不断加重,尤其是Hg、Zn等浓度上升显著;同国内部分海域相比,Zn浓度最高、Hg浓度较高,其他5种重金属处于中等以上水平;Hg的富集系数达3.44,可能存在新的污染源;浓度分布受灌河口沙咀的影响,基本以H07等站位为高浓度中心向四周逐渐降低。H kanson生态危害指数法表明灌河口海域总体处于"轻微"生态危害水平;SQGs法表明,不同重金属在不同站位的潜在生物毒性效应均会偶尔发生,个别站位Zn的毒性效应会频繁发生;加拿大沉积物质量标准法表明Zn、Cu、As对生物产生不良影响的概率较高,Zn的不良效应可能发生甚至频繁发生。Heavy metal concentrations in surface sediments from Guan River Estuary were measured with ICP-MS and AFS. The results showed that the pollution of heavy metals has become more and more serious in recent years, especially Hg and Zn. Compared with other estuaries in China, Hg distributed a higher level, Zn the highest and Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and As above the average level. The enrichment factor of Hg reached 3.44, indicative of potential new sources in this area. The higher concentrations of heavy metals were generally found at site H07 and decreased gradually around, which might be associated with the influence of entrance bar at Guan River Estuary. According to Hakanson ecological risk index method, the average ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments from Guan River Estuary is at ＂slight＂ level. Assessments based on SQGs indicated that biological toxicity effects of different heavy metals might happen occasionally at different sites, in which, toxic effects of Zn at some sites might happen frequently. Risk assessments based on Sediment Quality Criteria （carried out in Canada） suggested that Zn, Cu and As were more likely to induce adverse biological effects, in which adverse effects of Zn might happen frequently.

关 键 词：灌河口 表层沉积物 重金属 潜在生态危害 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]