基于信号共振稀疏分解与能量算子解调的轴承故障诊断方法  

Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Based on Resonance-based Sparse Signal Decomposition and Energy Operator Demodulating

作　　者：张文义[1] 于德介[1] 陈向民[1] 

机构地区：[1]汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室(湖南大学),湖南省长沙市410082

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2013年第20期111-118,19,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(5127516)~~

摘　　要：当滚动轴承出现局部故障时,其振动信号会出现周期性的瞬态冲击脉冲。由于滚动轴承经常运行在复杂的实际工况中,振动信号常伴有轴转频等谐波成分和噪声,因此直接对振动信号作解调分析以诊断滚动轴承故障通常效果不佳。针对这一问题,提出了基于信号共振稀疏分解与能量算子解调的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。该方法采用信号共振稀疏分解将冲击脉冲从滚动轴承振动信号中分离出来,然后采用能量算子解调方法对其进行包络解调,计算出瞬时幅值后对瞬时幅值的频谱进行分析,获取冲击脉冲出现的周期,进而对滚动轴承故障进行诊断。仿真算例和应用实例说明了该方法的有效性。When local defects occurred in a rolling bearing,the vibration signal of the rolling bearing always has periodic impulse components.Furthermore,rolling bearings often run under complex working conditions and the vibration signals usually accompany with other components such as rotating harmonic components and noises.Therefore,it is difficult to detect a rolling bearings’ fault by making demodulating analysis on the vibration signal of the rolling bearing.Aiming at this problem,a fault diagnosis method of rolling bearings based on the resonance-based sparse signal decomposition and energy operator demodulating was proposed.This method separated the impulse from the vibration signals of a rolling bearing by using resonance-based sparse signal decomposition.Using energy operator demodulating to calculate the instantaneous amplitude,then the cycle of the impulse component can be acquired from the spectrum of the instantaneous amplitude and the rolling bearing fault can be diagnosed.Simulation and application examples have proved the effectiveness of the method.

关 键 词：共振稀疏分解 品质因子 能量算子解调 轴承 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH165