表面活性剂辅助酸催化溶胶-凝胶法制备高强度超亲水二氧化硅减反增透纳米粒子涂层  

Surfactant-assisted Preparation of Mechanically Durable Superhydrophilic Antireflective Silica Nanoparticle Coatings by Acid Catalyzed Sol-Gel Process

作　　者：张志晖[1,2] 贺军辉[1] 杨巧文[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,功能纳米材料实验室,北京100190 [2]中国矿业大学(北京),化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《应用化学》2013年第7期794-800,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2011AA050525);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KGCX-YW-370;KGCX2-EW-304-2);中国科学院光化学转化与功能材料重点实验室开放基金资助项目

摘　　要：以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、十六烷基三甲基溴化氨(CTAB)、盐酸(HCl)、乙醇和水为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法提拉涂膜,再经700℃快速淬火200 s,制备了二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米粒子涂层。研究了CTAB浓度、提拉速度、停留时间和提拉涂膜次数对透射率的影响,结果表明,当CTAB质量分数为2.5%,提拉速度为100 mm/min,停留时间为60 s,提拉涂膜1次得到的SiO2纳米粒子涂层透射率最高,可达95.9%。该涂层具备超亲水性并能耐受6H铅笔刮痕测试。实验还表明,在SiO2溶胶液中加入CTAB,通过其与TEOS部分水解生成的物种的相互作用,可以改善酸性催化条件下形成的SiO2溶胶的微观结构,从而提高了涂层的透射率和亲水性。Silica （SiO2） nanoparticle coatings were fabricated using tetraethoxysilane （TEOS）, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （ CTAB）, hydrochloric acid （ HC1）, ethanol and water via the sol-gel process followed by dynamic hardening at 700 ℃ for 200 s. Effects of the CTAB concentration, withdrawing speed, retaining time and the number of withdrawing were investigated on the transmittance of fabricated coatings. It was found that the fabricated coating achieved the maximum transmittance of 95.9% when a CTAB mass percentage of 2. 5%, a withdrawing speed of 100 mm/min, a retaining time of 60 s and one withdrawing were used. The coating was superhydrophilic, and could endure a 6H pencil hardness test. It was also shown that the CTAB added in the SiO2 sol might interact with partially hydrolyzed species of TEOS, improving the nanostructure of SiO2 sol formed by acid-catalysis, and eventually enhanced the transmittance and hydrophilicity of fabricated coatings.

关 键 词：酸催化 溶胶-凝胶法 减反增透 超亲水 耐磨性 

分 类 号：O635[理学—高分子化学]