超级稻宁粳1号与常规粳稻CH_4排放特征的比较分析  

Differences in Characteristics of CH_4 Emission Between Super-rice Variety Ningjing 1 and Traditional japonica Variety

作　　者：王丽丽[1] 闫晓君[1] 江瑜[1] 田云录[2] 邓艾兴[3] 张卫建[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学应用生态研究所,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学水稻研究所,南京210095 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2013年第4期413-418,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程资助项目(2011BAD16B14);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目;南京农业大学青年科技创新基金资助项目(KJ2012002)

摘　　要：以超级稻宁粳1号和常规稻镇稻11为材料,采用盆栽试验,系统比较了两个品种的生产力及CH4排放的差异,并分析了其主要原因。结果表明,虽然两个品种的CH4排放通量的动态特征和生物学产量均基本相似,但宁粳1号的CH4排放总量比镇稻11低35.22%(P<0.05),土壤水溶液中CH4平均浓度也低41.31%(P<0.01)。两个品种的CH4排放差异主要出现在水稻生长中期,前期和后期的差异不明显。比较两个品种的生物学产量、株高、叶面积、根系等生长特性,发现宁粳1号强大的根系是降低CH4排放的最关键因素。综合比较植株生产力和CH4排放强度,发现宁粳1号不仅具有更高产量,而且单位干物质和籽粒产量的CH4排放量均分别比镇稻11低42.42%和81.38%(P<0.05)。上述结果显示,水稻产量的提高不一定伴随CH4排放的增加,选育高产低排放的水稻品种是可能的。大面积推广应用超级稻,可能不仅利于粮食安全,也有利于温室气体减排。A pot experiment was conducted with one super-rice variety Ningjing 1 and a traditional japonica rice variety Zhendao 11 as material to study the differences in plant productivity and CH4 emission.Our results indicated that although there were no significant differences in geqhground biomass and the characteristics of CH4 fluxes between the two varieties,the total CH4 emission and average CH4 content of Ningjing 1 in soil solution were 35.22%（P 0.05） and 41.31%（P 0.01） lower in the field than those of Zhendao 11,respectively.The main differences in the amounts of CH4 emissions mainly occurred during the middle rice-growing stage,while there were no significant differences in CH4 emission between the varieties during the early and late stages.After analyzing the differences in the growth characteristics such as plant productivity,plant height,leaf area and root growth between the varieties,it was found that the stronger root system was the main contributor to the lower CH4 emission of Ningjing 1 as comparison with Zhendao 11.Meanwhile,with a higher yield,Ningjing 1 also showed a lower CH4 emission at both biomass and yield scales,which were respectively 42.42% and 81.38%（P0.05） lower compared to those of Zhendao 11.The above results indicated that enhancing rice productivity may not simultaneously promote CH4 emission,therefore,it is possible to get a rice variety with higher yield and lower CH4 emission through rice genetic improvement.The promotion of super-rice variety application of Ningjing 1 may help to ensure food security and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

关 键 词：气候变化 温室气体 超级稻 甲烷 作物生产力 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]